3D Texture Analysis of the Corpus Callosum in T1-Weighted MR Images of Children with a Traumatic Brain Injury

Jan Novak; Ahmed E. Fetit; Daniel Griffiths-King; Cathy Catroppa; Vicki A. Anderson; Amanda G. Wood

doi:10.1007/s10548-026-01188-5

3D Texture Analysis of the Corpus Callosum in T1-Weighted MR Images of Children with a Traumatic Brain Injury

Jan Novak^*
, Ahmed E. Fetit
, Daniel Griffiths-King
, Cathy Catroppa
, Vicki A. Anderson
, Amanda G. Wood

^*Corresponding author for this work

College of Health and Life Sciences

Imperial College London
Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne
University of Melbourne
University College Birmingham
Murdoch Children's Research Institute

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

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Abstract

Investigating traumatic brain injuries (TBI) in the developing brain is a challenging task. The superposition of an injury to the normal development trajectory can lead to brain impairments which are not obvious at diagnosis. T1-weighted MRI, acquired routinely post-injury, has the potential to better inform diagnosis, but is limited by qualitative assessment by radiologists. Using T1-weighted volume images, we investigated the use of three-dimensional texture analysis (TA) on regions of the corpus callosum (CC) in children with TBI and typically developing controls (TDCs) in conjunction with analysis of diffusion weighted image (DWI)-derived metrics. Nineteen TDCs and 37 participants with TBI were included in the study. T1 textural metrics were extracted from the splenium, genu and body of the CC and assessed for differences between the groups. Textural skewness was found to be significantly higher in children with TBI than TDCs in the body of the CC (t-test: p < 0.004, effect size: g = 0.91) and significant differences were observed in the genu of the CC (grey level co-occurrence matrix and Grey-level run length matrix, p < 0.004, effect sizes > 0.6). Non-significant reductions in ADC were found between TBI and TDC groups in the body and the splenium of the CC. Interestingly, no differences were found between TDCs and the TBI sample using FA. The results suggest that TA can potentially be used to assess white matter integrity after paediatric TBI.

Original language	English
Article number	32
Number of pages	8
Journal	Brain Topography
Volume	39
Issue number	3
Early online date	16 Mar 2026
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1007/s10548-026-01188-5
Publication status	Published - 1 May 2026

Bibliographical note

Copyright © The Author(s) 2026. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/

Data Access Statement

No datasets were generated or analysed during the current study.

Keywords

Paediatric Traumatic Brain Injury
White Matter
Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging
Texture Analysis

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10.1007/s10548-026-01188-5Licence: CC BY 4.0

J Novak et al_3D Texture Analysis of the Corpus Callosum in T1-Weighted MR Images of Children with a Traumatic Brain Injury
Copyright © The Author(s) 2026. This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
Final published version, 1.47 MBLicence: CC BY 4.0

Cite this

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abstract = "Investigating traumatic brain injuries (TBI) in the developing brain is a challenging task. The superposition of an injury to the normal development trajectory can lead to brain impairments which are not obvious at diagnosis. T1-weighted MRI, acquired routinely post-injury, has the potential to better inform diagnosis, but is limited by qualitative assessment by radiologists. Using T1-weighted volume images, we investigated the use of three-dimensional texture analysis (TA) on regions of the corpus callosum (CC) in children with TBI and typically developing controls (TDCs) in conjunction with analysis of diffusion weighted image (DWI)-derived metrics. Nineteen TDCs and 37 participants with TBI were included in the study. T1 textural metrics were extracted from the splenium, genu and body of the CC and assessed for differences between the groups. Textural skewness was found to be significantly higher in children with TBI than TDCs in the body of the CC (t-test: p < 0.004, effect size: g = 0.91) and significant differences were observed in the genu of the CC (grey level co-occurrence matrix and Grey-level run length matrix, p < 0.004, effect sizes > 0.6). Non-significant reductions in ADC were found between TBI and TDC groups in the body and the splenium of the CC. Interestingly, no differences were found between TDCs and the TBI sample using FA. The results suggest that TA can potentially be used to assess white matter integrity after paediatric TBI.",

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N2 - Investigating traumatic brain injuries (TBI) in the developing brain is a challenging task. The superposition of an injury to the normal development trajectory can lead to brain impairments which are not obvious at diagnosis. T1-weighted MRI, acquired routinely post-injury, has the potential to better inform diagnosis, but is limited by qualitative assessment by radiologists. Using T1-weighted volume images, we investigated the use of three-dimensional texture analysis (TA) on regions of the corpus callosum (CC) in children with TBI and typically developing controls (TDCs) in conjunction with analysis of diffusion weighted image (DWI)-derived metrics. Nineteen TDCs and 37 participants with TBI were included in the study. T1 textural metrics were extracted from the splenium, genu and body of the CC and assessed for differences between the groups. Textural skewness was found to be significantly higher in children with TBI than TDCs in the body of the CC (t-test: p < 0.004, effect size: g = 0.91) and significant differences were observed in the genu of the CC (grey level co-occurrence matrix and Grey-level run length matrix, p < 0.004, effect sizes > 0.6). Non-significant reductions in ADC were found between TBI and TDC groups in the body and the splenium of the CC. Interestingly, no differences were found between TDCs and the TBI sample using FA. The results suggest that TA can potentially be used to assess white matter integrity after paediatric TBI.

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ER -

3D Texture Analysis of the Corpus Callosum in T1-Weighted MR Images of Children with a Traumatic Brain Injury

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Data Access Statement

Keywords

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