Alkali-Free Zn–Al Layered Double Hydroxide Catalysts for Triglyceride Transesterification

Nazrizawati Tajuddin; Jinesh Manayil; Mark Isaacs; Christopher Parlett; Adam Lee; Karen Wilson

doi:10.3390/catal8120667

Alkali-Free Zn–Al Layered Double Hydroxide Catalysts for Triglyceride Transesterification

Nazrizawati Tajuddin, Jinesh Manayil, Mark Isaacs, Christopher Parlett, Adam Lee, Karen Wilson

College of Engineering and Physical Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Zn–Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) of general formula [Zn2+(1−x)Al3+x(OH)2]x+(CO32−)x/2·yH2O are promising solid base catalysts for the transesterification of lipids to biofuels. However, conventional synthetic routes employ alkali hydroxide/carbonate precipitants which may contaminate the final LDH catalyst and biofuel. The use of (NH3)2CO3 and NH3OH as precipitants affords alkali-free Zn–Al-LDHs spanning a wide composition range. The hydrothermal reconstruction of calcined Zn–Al-LDHs offers superior solid basicity and catalytic activity for the transesterification of C4–C18 triglycerides with methanol, compared with cold liquid phase or vapour phase reconstruction. Hydrothermally activated Zn3.3–Al-LDH was stable towards leaching during transesterification.

Original language	English
Article number	667
Journal	Catalysts
Volume	8
Issue number	12
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/catal8120667
Publication status	Published - 18 Dec 2018

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This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).

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Alkali-Free Zn–Al Layered Double Hydroxide Catalysts for Triglyceride Transesterification
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).
Final published version, 1.98 MBLicence: CC BY 3.0

Cite this

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title = "Alkali-Free Zn–Al Layered Double Hydroxide Catalysts for Triglyceride Transesterification",

abstract = "Zn–Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) of general formula [Zn2+(1−x)Al3+x(OH)2]x+(CO32−)x/2·yH2O are promising solid base catalysts for the transesterification of lipids to biofuels. However, conventional synthetic routes employ alkali hydroxide/carbonate precipitants which may contaminate the final LDH catalyst and biofuel. The use of (NH3)2CO3 and NH3OH as precipitants affords alkali-free Zn–Al-LDHs spanning a wide composition range. The hydrothermal reconstruction of calcined Zn–Al-LDHs offers superior solid basicity and catalytic activity for the transesterification of C4–C18 triglycerides with methanol, compared with cold liquid phase or vapour phase reconstruction. Hydrothermally activated Zn3.3–Al-LDH was stable towards leaching during transesterification. ",

author = "Nazrizawati Tajuddin and Jinesh Manayil and Mark Isaacs and Christopher Parlett and Adam Lee and Karen Wilson",

note = "This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).",

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T1 - Alkali-Free Zn–Al Layered Double Hydroxide Catalysts for Triglyceride Transesterification

AU - Tajuddin, Nazrizawati

AU - Manayil, Jinesh

AU - Isaacs, Mark

AU - Parlett, Christopher

AU - Lee, Adam

AU - Wilson, Karen

N1 - This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).

PY - 2018/12/18

Y1 - 2018/12/18

N2 - Zn–Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) of general formula [Zn2+(1−x)Al3+x(OH)2]x+(CO32−)x/2·yH2O are promising solid base catalysts for the transesterification of lipids to biofuels. However, conventional synthetic routes employ alkali hydroxide/carbonate precipitants which may contaminate the final LDH catalyst and biofuel. The use of (NH3)2CO3 and NH3OH as precipitants affords alkali-free Zn–Al-LDHs spanning a wide composition range. The hydrothermal reconstruction of calcined Zn–Al-LDHs offers superior solid basicity and catalytic activity for the transesterification of C4–C18 triglycerides with methanol, compared with cold liquid phase or vapour phase reconstruction. Hydrothermally activated Zn3.3–Al-LDH was stable towards leaching during transesterification.

AB - Zn–Al layered double hydroxides (LDHs) of general formula [Zn2+(1−x)Al3+x(OH)2]x+(CO32−)x/2·yH2O are promising solid base catalysts for the transesterification of lipids to biofuels. However, conventional synthetic routes employ alkali hydroxide/carbonate precipitants which may contaminate the final LDH catalyst and biofuel. The use of (NH3)2CO3 and NH3OH as precipitants affords alkali-free Zn–Al-LDHs spanning a wide composition range. The hydrothermal reconstruction of calcined Zn–Al-LDHs offers superior solid basicity and catalytic activity for the transesterification of C4–C18 triglycerides with methanol, compared with cold liquid phase or vapour phase reconstruction. Hydrothermally activated Zn3.3–Al-LDH was stable towards leaching during transesterification.

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U2 - 10.3390/catal8120667

DO - 10.3390/catal8120667

M3 - Article

SN - 2073-4344

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JO - Catalysts

JF - Catalysts

IS - 12

M1 - 667

ER -

Alkali-Free Zn–Al Layered Double Hydroxide Catalysts for Triglyceride Transesterification

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