Buccal Absorption of Biopharmaceutics Classification System III Drugs: Formulation Approaches and Mechanistic Insights

Rayan Sabra, Daniel Kirby, Vikram Chouk, Kleta Malgorzata, Afzal R. Mohammed

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

Abstract

Buccal drug delivery emerges as a promising strategy to enhance the absorption of drugs classified under the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) Class III, characterized by high solubility and low permeability. However, addressing the absorption challenges of BCS Class III drugs necessitates innovative formulation strategies. This review delves into optimizing buccal drug delivery for BCS III drugs, focusing on various formulation approaches to improve absorption. Strategies such as permeation enhancers, mucoadhesive polymers, pH modifiers, ion pairing, and prodrugs are systematically explored for their potential to overcome challenges associated with BCS Class III drugs. The mechanistic insight into how these strategies influence drug absorption is discussed, providing a detailed understanding of their applicability. Furthermore, the review advocates for integrating conventional buccal dosage forms with these formulation approaches as a potential strategy to enhance absorption. By emphasizing bioavailability enhancement, this review contributes to a holistic understanding of optimizing buccal absorption for BCS Class III drugs, presenting a unified approach to overcome inherent limitations in their delivery.
Original languageEnglish
Article number1563
Number of pages1563
JournalPharmaceutics
Volume16
Issue number12
Early online date6 Dec 2024
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Dec 2024

Bibliographical note

Copyright © 2024 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland. This article is an open access article distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Keywords

  • BCS III drugs
  • buccal absorption
  • formulation approaches
  • permeability
  • permeation enhancers

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