Chronic administration of hydrolysed pine nut oil to mice improves insulin sensitivity and glucose tolerance and increases energy expenditure via a free fatty acid receptor 4-dependent mechanism

Edward T. Wargent, Malgorzata A. Kepczynska, Mads H. Kaspersen, Elisabeth Rexen Ulven, Jonathan R. S. Arch, Trond Ulven, Claire J. Stocker*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

A healthy diet is at the forefront of measures to prevent type 2 diabetes. Certain vegetable and fish oils, such as pine nut oil (PNO), have been demonstrated to ameliorate the adverse metabolic effects of a high-fat diet. The present study study investigates the involvement of the free fatty acid receptors 1 (FFAR1) and 4 (FFAR4) in the chronic activity of hydrolysed PNO (hPNO) on high-fat diet-induced obesity and insulin resistance. Male C57BL/6J wild-type, FFAR1 knockout (-/-) and FFAR4-/- mice were placed on 60% high-fat diet for 3 months. Mice were then dosed hPNO for 24 days, during which time body composition, energy intake and expenditure, glucose tolerance and fasting plasma insulin, leptin and adiponectin were measured. hPNO improved glucose tolerance and decreased plasma insulin in the wild-type and FFAR1-/- mice, but not the FFAR4-/- mice. hPNO also decreased high-fat diet-induced bodyweight gain and fat mass, whilst increasing energy expenditure and plasma adiponectin. None of these effects on energy balance were statistically significant in FFAR4-/- mice but it was not shown that they were significantly less than in wild-type mice. In conclusion, chronic hPNO supplementation reduces the metabolically detrimental effects of high-fat diet on obesity and insulin resistance in a manner that is dependent on the presence of FFAR4.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)13-20
Number of pages8
JournalBritish Journal of Nutrition
Volume132
Issue number1
Early online date16 May 2024
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 14 Jul 2024

Bibliographical note

Copyright © The Author(s), 2024. Published by Cambridge University Press on behalf of The Nutrition Society. This is an Open Access article, distributed
under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution licence (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted re-use, distribution and reproduction, provided the original article is properly cited.

Keywords

  • pine nut oil
  • FFAR1
  • FFAR4
  • high-fat diet
  • insulin resistance
  • glucose tolerance
  • energy expenditure

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