Abstract
We analyse time series from 100 patients with bipolar disorder for correlates of depression symptoms. As the sampling interval is non-uniform, we quantify the extent of missing and irregular data using new measures of compliance and continuity. We find that uniformity of response is negatively correlated with the standard deviation of sleep ratings (ρ = -0.26, p = 0.01). To investigate the correlation structure of the time series themselves, we apply the Edelson-Krolik method for correlation estimation. We examine the correlation between depression symptoms for a subset of patients and find that self-reported measures of sleep and appetite/weight show a lower average correlation than other symptoms. Using surrogate time series as a reference dataset, we find no evidence that depression is correlated between patients, though we note a possible loss of information from sparse sampling.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Article number | 20132320 |
| Number of pages | 9 |
| Journal | Proceeding of the Royal Society: Series B |
| Volume | 281 |
| Issue number | 1776 |
| Early online date | 18 Dec 2013 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - Feb 2014 |
Bibliographical note
© 2013 The Authors. Published by the Royal Society under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses by/4.0/, which permits unrestricted use, provided the original author and source are credited.Funding: NIHR - Grants for Applied Research Programme (grant reference no. RP-PG-0108-10087).
Electronic supplementary material: http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rspb.2013.2320 or via http://rspb.royalsocietypublishing.org
Keywords
- bipolar disorder
- mood variability
- psychiatry
- public healthcare
- time-series analysis