Cultural contributions to adults' self-rated mental health problems and strengths: 7 culture clusters, 28 societies, 16 906 adults

William E Copeland; Masha Y Ivanova; Thomas M Achenbach; Lori V Turner; Guangyu Tong; Adelina Ahmeti-Pronaj; Alma Au; Monica Bellina; J Carlos Caldas; Yi-Chuen Chen; Ladislav Csemy; Marina M da Rocha; Anca Dobrean; Lourdes Ezpeleta; Yasuko Funabiki; Valerie S Harder; Felipe Lecannelier; Marie Leiner de la Cabada; Patrick Leung; Jianghong Liu; Safia Mahr; Sergey Malykh; Jasminka Markovic; David M Ndetei; Kyung Ja Oh; Jean-Michel Petot; Geylan Riad; Direnc Sakarya; Virginia C Samaniego; Sandra Sebre; Mimoza Shahini; Edwiges Silvares; Roma Simulioniene; Elvisa Sokoli; Joel B Talcott; Natalia Vazquez; Tomasz Wolanczyk; Ewa Zasepa

doi:10.1017/S0033291723001332

Cultural contributions to adults' self-rated mental health problems and strengths: 7 culture clusters, 28 societies, 16 906 adults

William E Copeland, Masha Y Ivanova, Thomas M Achenbach, Lori V Turner, Guangyu Tong, Adelina Ahmeti-Pronaj, Alma Au, Monica Bellina, J Carlos Caldas, Yi-Chuen Chen, Ladislav Csemy, Marina M da Rocha, Anca Dobrean, Lourdes Ezpeleta, Yasuko Funabiki, Valerie S Harder, Felipe Lecannelier, Marie Leiner de la Cabada, Patrick Leung, Jianghong LiuSafia Mahr, Sergey Malykh, Jasminka Markovic, David M Ndetei, Kyung Ja Oh, Jean-Michel Petot, Geylan Riad, Direnc Sakarya, Virginia C Samaniego, Sandra Sebre, Mimoza Shahini, Edwiges Silvares, Roma Simulioniene, Elvisa Sokoli, Joel B Talcott, Natalia Vazquez, Tomasz Wolanczyk, Ewa Zasepa

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

BACKGROUND: It is unknown how much variation in adult mental health problems is associated with differences between societal/cultural groups, over and above differences between individuals.

METHODS: To test these relative contributions, a consortium of indigenous researchers collected Adult Self-Report (ASR) ratings from 16 906 18- to 59-year-olds in 28 societies that represented seven culture clusters identified in the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavioral Effectiveness study (e.g. Confucian, Anglo). The ASR is scored on 17 problem scales, plus a personal strengths scale. Hierarchical linear modeling estimated variance accounted for by individual differences (including measurement error), society, and culture cluster. Multi-level analyses of covariance tested age and gender effects.

RESULTS: Across the 17 problem scales, the variance accounted for by individual differences ranged from 80.3% for DSM-oriented anxiety problems to 95.2% for DSM-oriented avoidant personality (mean = 90.7%); by society: 3.2% for DSM-oriented somatic problems to 8.0% for DSM-oriented anxiety problems (mean = 6.3%); and by culture cluster: 0.0% for DSM-oriented avoidant personality to 11.6% for DSM-oriented anxiety problems (mean = 3.0%). For strengths, individual differences accounted for 80.8% of variance, societal differences 10.5%, and cultural differences 8.7%. Age and gender had very small effects.

CONCLUSIONS: Overall, adults' self-ratings of mental health problems and strengths were associated much more with individual differences than societal/cultural differences, although this varied across scales. These findings support cross-cultural use of standardized measures to assess mental health problems, but urge caution in assessment of personal strengths.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	7581-7590
Number of pages	10
Journal	Psychological Medicine
Volume	53
Issue number	16
Early online date	19 May 2023
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291723001332
Publication status	Published - Dec 2023

Bibliographical note

This article has been published in a revised form in Psychological Medicine [https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291723001332]. This version is published under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND licence. No commercial re-distribution or re-use allowed. Derivative works cannot be distributed. © copyright The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

Keywords

cross-cultural
international
syndromes
strengths
psychopathology
Adult self-report

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This article has been published in a revised form in Psychological Medicine [https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291723001332]. This version is published under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND licence. No commercial re-distribution or re-use allowed. Derivative works cannot be distributed. © copyright The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press
Accepted author manuscript, 404 KBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

Cite this

Copeland, W. E., Ivanova, M. Y., Achenbach, T. M., Turner, L. V., Tong, G., Ahmeti-Pronaj, A., Au, A., Bellina, M., Caldas, J. C., Chen, Y.-C., Csemy, L., da Rocha, M. M., Dobrean, A., Ezpeleta, L., Funabiki, Y., Harder, V. S., Lecannelier, F., Leiner de la Cabada, M., Leung, P., ... Zasepa, E. (2023). Cultural contributions to adults' self-rated mental health problems and strengths: 7 culture clusters, 28 societies, 16 906 adults. Psychological Medicine, 53(16), 7581-7590. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291723001332

@article{7e04722784ce45d580171731211bb266,

title = "Cultural contributions to adults' self-rated mental health problems and strengths: 7 culture clusters, 28 societies, 16 906 adults",

abstract = "BACKGROUND: It is unknown how much variation in adult mental health problems is associated with differences between societal/cultural groups, over and above differences between individuals.METHODS: To test these relative contributions, a consortium of indigenous researchers collected Adult Self-Report (ASR) ratings from 16 906 18- to 59-year-olds in 28 societies that represented seven culture clusters identified in the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavioral Effectiveness study (e.g. Confucian, Anglo). The ASR is scored on 17 problem scales, plus a personal strengths scale. Hierarchical linear modeling estimated variance accounted for by individual differences (including measurement error), society, and culture cluster. Multi-level analyses of covariance tested age and gender effects.RESULTS: Across the 17 problem scales, the variance accounted for by individual differences ranged from 80.3% for DSM-oriented anxiety problems to 95.2% for DSM-oriented avoidant personality (mean = 90.7%); by society: 3.2% for DSM-oriented somatic problems to 8.0% for DSM-oriented anxiety problems (mean = 6.3%); and by culture cluster: 0.0% for DSM-oriented avoidant personality to 11.6% for DSM-oriented anxiety problems (mean = 3.0%). For strengths, individual differences accounted for 80.8% of variance, societal differences 10.5%, and cultural differences 8.7%. Age and gender had very small effects.CONCLUSIONS: Overall, adults' self-ratings of mental health problems and strengths were associated much more with individual differences than societal/cultural differences, although this varied across scales. These findings support cross-cultural use of standardized measures to assess mental health problems, but urge caution in assessment of personal strengths.",

keywords = "cross-cultural, international, syndromes, strengths, psychopathology, Adult self-report",

author = "Copeland, {William E} and Ivanova, {Masha Y} and Achenbach, {Thomas M} and Turner, {Lori V} and Guangyu Tong and Adelina Ahmeti-Pronaj and Alma Au and Monica Bellina and Caldas, {J Carlos} and Yi-Chuen Chen and Ladislav Csemy and {da Rocha}, {Marina M} and Anca Dobrean and Lourdes Ezpeleta and Yasuko Funabiki and Harder, {Valerie S} and Felipe Lecannelier and {Leiner de la Cabada}, Marie and Patrick Leung and Jianghong Liu and Safia Mahr and Sergey Malykh and Jasminka Markovic and Ndetei, {David M} and Oh, {Kyung Ja} and Jean-Michel Petot and Geylan Riad and Direnc Sakarya and Samaniego, {Virginia C} and Sandra Sebre and Mimoza Shahini and Edwiges Silvares and Roma Simulioniene and Elvisa Sokoli and Talcott, {Joel B} and Natalia Vazquez and Tomasz Wolanczyk and Ewa Zasepa",

note = "This article has been published in a revised form in Psychological Medicine [https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291723001332]. This version is published under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND licence. No commercial re-distribution or re-use allowed. Derivative works cannot be distributed. {\textcopyright} copyright The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press",

year = "2023",

month = dec,

doi = "10.1017/S0033291723001332",

language = "English",

volume = "53",

pages = "7581--7590",

journal = "Psychological Medicine",

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publisher = "Cambridge University Press",

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Copeland, WE, Ivanova, MY, Achenbach, TM, Turner, LV, Tong, G, Ahmeti-Pronaj, A, Au, A, Bellina, M, Caldas, JC, Chen, Y-C, Csemy, L, da Rocha, MM, Dobrean, A, Ezpeleta, L, Funabiki, Y, Harder, VS, Lecannelier, F, Leiner de la Cabada, M, Leung, P, Liu, J, Mahr, S, Malykh, S, Markovic, J, Ndetei, DM, Oh, KJ, Petot, J-M, Riad, G, Sakarya, D, Samaniego, VC, Sebre, S, Shahini, M, Silvares, E, Simulioniene, R, Sokoli, E, Talcott, JB, Vazquez, N, Wolanczyk, T & Zasepa, E 2023, 'Cultural contributions to adults' self-rated mental health problems and strengths: 7 culture clusters, 28 societies, 16 906 adults', Psychological Medicine, vol. 53, no. 16, pp. 7581-7590. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291723001332

TY - JOUR

T1 - Cultural contributions to adults' self-rated mental health problems and strengths: 7 culture clusters, 28 societies, 16 906 adults

AU - Copeland, William E

AU - Ivanova, Masha Y

AU - Achenbach, Thomas M

AU - Turner, Lori V

AU - Tong, Guangyu

AU - Ahmeti-Pronaj, Adelina

AU - Au, Alma

AU - Bellina, Monica

AU - Caldas, J Carlos

AU - Chen, Yi-Chuen

AU - Csemy, Ladislav

AU - da Rocha, Marina M

AU - Dobrean, Anca

AU - Ezpeleta, Lourdes

AU - Funabiki, Yasuko

AU - Harder, Valerie S

AU - Lecannelier, Felipe

AU - Leiner de la Cabada, Marie

AU - Leung, Patrick

AU - Liu, Jianghong

AU - Mahr, Safia

AU - Malykh, Sergey

AU - Markovic, Jasminka

AU - Ndetei, David M

AU - Oh, Kyung Ja

AU - Petot, Jean-Michel

AU - Riad, Geylan

AU - Sakarya, Direnc

AU - Samaniego, Virginia C

AU - Sebre, Sandra

AU - Shahini, Mimoza

AU - Silvares, Edwiges

AU - Simulioniene, Roma

AU - Sokoli, Elvisa

AU - Talcott, Joel B

AU - Vazquez, Natalia

AU - Wolanczyk, Tomasz

AU - Zasepa, Ewa

N1 - This article has been published in a revised form in Psychological Medicine [https://doi.org/10.1017/S0033291723001332]. This version is published under a Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND licence. No commercial re-distribution or re-use allowed. Derivative works cannot be distributed. © copyright The Author(s), 2023. Published by Cambridge University Press

PY - 2023/12

Y1 - 2023/12

N2 - BACKGROUND: It is unknown how much variation in adult mental health problems is associated with differences between societal/cultural groups, over and above differences between individuals.METHODS: To test these relative contributions, a consortium of indigenous researchers collected Adult Self-Report (ASR) ratings from 16 906 18- to 59-year-olds in 28 societies that represented seven culture clusters identified in the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavioral Effectiveness study (e.g. Confucian, Anglo). The ASR is scored on 17 problem scales, plus a personal strengths scale. Hierarchical linear modeling estimated variance accounted for by individual differences (including measurement error), society, and culture cluster. Multi-level analyses of covariance tested age and gender effects.RESULTS: Across the 17 problem scales, the variance accounted for by individual differences ranged from 80.3% for DSM-oriented anxiety problems to 95.2% for DSM-oriented avoidant personality (mean = 90.7%); by society: 3.2% for DSM-oriented somatic problems to 8.0% for DSM-oriented anxiety problems (mean = 6.3%); and by culture cluster: 0.0% for DSM-oriented avoidant personality to 11.6% for DSM-oriented anxiety problems (mean = 3.0%). For strengths, individual differences accounted for 80.8% of variance, societal differences 10.5%, and cultural differences 8.7%. Age and gender had very small effects.CONCLUSIONS: Overall, adults' self-ratings of mental health problems and strengths were associated much more with individual differences than societal/cultural differences, although this varied across scales. These findings support cross-cultural use of standardized measures to assess mental health problems, but urge caution in assessment of personal strengths.

AB - BACKGROUND: It is unknown how much variation in adult mental health problems is associated with differences between societal/cultural groups, over and above differences between individuals.METHODS: To test these relative contributions, a consortium of indigenous researchers collected Adult Self-Report (ASR) ratings from 16 906 18- to 59-year-olds in 28 societies that represented seven culture clusters identified in the Global Leadership and Organizational Behavioral Effectiveness study (e.g. Confucian, Anglo). The ASR is scored on 17 problem scales, plus a personal strengths scale. Hierarchical linear modeling estimated variance accounted for by individual differences (including measurement error), society, and culture cluster. Multi-level analyses of covariance tested age and gender effects.RESULTS: Across the 17 problem scales, the variance accounted for by individual differences ranged from 80.3% for DSM-oriented anxiety problems to 95.2% for DSM-oriented avoidant personality (mean = 90.7%); by society: 3.2% for DSM-oriented somatic problems to 8.0% for DSM-oriented anxiety problems (mean = 6.3%); and by culture cluster: 0.0% for DSM-oriented avoidant personality to 11.6% for DSM-oriented anxiety problems (mean = 3.0%). For strengths, individual differences accounted for 80.8% of variance, societal differences 10.5%, and cultural differences 8.7%. Age and gender had very small effects.CONCLUSIONS: Overall, adults' self-ratings of mental health problems and strengths were associated much more with individual differences than societal/cultural differences, although this varied across scales. These findings support cross-cultural use of standardized measures to assess mental health problems, but urge caution in assessment of personal strengths.

KW - cross-cultural

KW - international

KW - syndromes

KW - strengths

KW - psychopathology

KW - Adult self-report

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U2 - 10.1017/S0033291723001332

DO - 10.1017/S0033291723001332

M3 - Article

C2 - 37203460

SN - 0033-2917

VL - 53

SP - 7581

EP - 7590

JO - Psychological Medicine

JF - Psychological Medicine

IS - 16

ER -

Cultural contributions to adults' self-rated mental health problems and strengths: 7 culture clusters, 28 societies, 16 906 adults

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