TY - JOUR
T1 - Effect of oscillatory flow on nucleation kinetics of butyl paraben
AU - Yang, Huaiyu
AU - Yu, Xi
AU - Raval, Vishal
AU - Makkawi, Yassir
AU - Florence, Alastair
N1 - -
PY - 2016/2/3
Y1 - 2016/2/3
N2 - More than 165 induction times of butyl paraben-ethanol solution in a batch moving fluid oscillation baffled crystallizer with various amplitudes (1-9 mm) and frequencies (1.0-9.0 Hz) have been determined to study the effect of COBR operating conditions on nucleation. The induction time decreases with increasing amplitude and frequency at power density below about 500 W/m3; however, a further increase of the frequency and amplitude leads to an increase of the induction time. The interfacial energies and pre-exponential factors in both homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation are determined by classical nucleation theory at oscillatory frequency 2.0 Hz and amplitudes of 3 or 5 mm both with and without net flow. To capture the shear rate conditions in oscillatory flow crystallizers, a large eddy simulation approach in a computational fluid dynamics framework is applied. Under ideal conditions the shear rate distribution shows spatial and temporal periodicity and radial symmetry. The spatial distributions of the shear rate indicate an increase of average and maximum values of the shear rate with increasing amplitude and frequency. In continuous operation, net flow enhances the shear rate at most time points, promoting nucleation. The mechanism of the shear rate influence on nucleation is discussed.
AB - More than 165 induction times of butyl paraben-ethanol solution in a batch moving fluid oscillation baffled crystallizer with various amplitudes (1-9 mm) and frequencies (1.0-9.0 Hz) have been determined to study the effect of COBR operating conditions on nucleation. The induction time decreases with increasing amplitude and frequency at power density below about 500 W/m3; however, a further increase of the frequency and amplitude leads to an increase of the induction time. The interfacial energies and pre-exponential factors in both homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation are determined by classical nucleation theory at oscillatory frequency 2.0 Hz and amplitudes of 3 or 5 mm both with and without net flow. To capture the shear rate conditions in oscillatory flow crystallizers, a large eddy simulation approach in a computational fluid dynamics framework is applied. Under ideal conditions the shear rate distribution shows spatial and temporal periodicity and radial symmetry. The spatial distributions of the shear rate indicate an increase of average and maximum values of the shear rate with increasing amplitude and frequency. In continuous operation, net flow enhances the shear rate at most time points, promoting nucleation. The mechanism of the shear rate influence on nucleation is discussed.
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=84957582227&partnerID=8YFLogxK
UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/10.1021/acs.cgd.5b01437
U2 - 10.1021/acs.cgd.5b01437
DO - 10.1021/acs.cgd.5b01437
M3 - Article
AN - SCOPUS:84957582227
SN - 1528-7483
VL - 16
SP - 875
EP - 886
JO - Crystal Growth and Design
JF - Crystal Growth and Design
IS - 2
ER -