Fast pyrolysis of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) waste in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor

Yassir Makkawi; Yehya El Sayed; Mubarak Salih; Paul Nancarrow; Scott Banks; Tony Bridgwater

doi:10.1016/j.renene.2019.05.028

Fast pyrolysis of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) waste in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor

Yassir Makkawi^*
, Yehya El Sayed
, Mubarak Salih
, Paul Nancarrow
, Scott Banks
, Tony Bridgwater

^*Corresponding author for this work

American University of Sharjah

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Abstract

This study presents the first experimental investigation of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) waste fast pyrolysis in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. The physiochemical characteristics of the feedstock (from cultivars grown in the Emirate of Sharjah in the UAE), including three anatomical parts of the plant, namely, leaves, leaf stems and empty fruit bunches, have been first analyzed and compared to other popular type of biomass. These components have been subjected to fast pyrolysis and mass balances have been derived. The fast pyrolysis products (bio-oil, and non-condensable gas) have been analyzed in terms of their chemical composition, thermogravimetric profiles, and energy content. The overall product distribution in mass percentage at the pyrolysis temperature of 525 ºC was found to be 38.8% bio-oil (including 10.4% reaction water), 37.2% biochar and 24.0% non-condensable gas. The overall energy conversion efficiency (ratio of energy content in the product to that in the feedstock) was found to be 87.0%, thus indicative of the good potential of converting the date palm waste to energy while eliminating the negative environmental impact and cost associated with waste disposal.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	719-730
Number of pages	12
Journal	Renewable Energy
Volume	143
Early online date	10 May 2019
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.renene.2019.05.028
Publication status	Published - 1 Dec 2019

Bibliographical note

© 2019, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/

Funding: American University of Sharjah (AUS) Grant FRG 16-R-27.

Funding

The authors would like to thank the American University of Sharjah (AUS) for funding the project under Grant FRG 16-R-27 . [5] N. Khalifa L.F. Yousef

UN SDGs

This output contributes to the following UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

SDG 7 Affordable and Clean Energy

Keywords

Biofuels
Biomass
Date palm waste
Fast pyrolysis
Fluidized bed reactor
Renewable energy

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10.1016/j.renene.2019.05.028

Fast pyrolysis of date palm
© 2019, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/
Accepted author manuscript, 1.75 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND 3.0

Cite this

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title = "Fast pyrolysis of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) waste in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor",

abstract = "This study presents the first experimental investigation of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) waste fast pyrolysis in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. The physiochemical characteristics of the feedstock (from cultivars grown in the Emirate of Sharjah in the UAE), including three anatomical parts of the plant, namely, leaves, leaf stems and empty fruit bunches, have been first analyzed and compared to other popular type of biomass. These components have been subjected to fast pyrolysis and mass balances have been derived. The fast pyrolysis products (bio-oil, and non-condensable gas) have been analyzed in terms of their chemical composition, thermogravimetric profiles, and energy content. The overall product distribution in mass percentage at the pyrolysis temperature of 525 ºC was found to be 38.8\% bio-oil (including 10.4\% reaction water), 37.2\% biochar and 24.0\% non-condensable gas. The overall energy conversion efficiency (ratio of energy content in the product to that in the feedstock) was found to be 87.0\%, thus indicative of the good potential of converting the date palm waste to energy while eliminating the negative environmental impact and cost associated with waste disposal.",

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AU - Nancarrow, Paul

AU - Banks, Scott

AU - Bridgwater, Tony

N1 - © 2019, Elsevier. Licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ Funding: American University of Sharjah (AUS) Grant FRG 16-R-27.

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N2 - This study presents the first experimental investigation of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) waste fast pyrolysis in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. The physiochemical characteristics of the feedstock (from cultivars grown in the Emirate of Sharjah in the UAE), including three anatomical parts of the plant, namely, leaves, leaf stems and empty fruit bunches, have been first analyzed and compared to other popular type of biomass. These components have been subjected to fast pyrolysis and mass balances have been derived. The fast pyrolysis products (bio-oil, and non-condensable gas) have been analyzed in terms of their chemical composition, thermogravimetric profiles, and energy content. The overall product distribution in mass percentage at the pyrolysis temperature of 525 ºC was found to be 38.8% bio-oil (including 10.4% reaction water), 37.2% biochar and 24.0% non-condensable gas. The overall energy conversion efficiency (ratio of energy content in the product to that in the feedstock) was found to be 87.0%, thus indicative of the good potential of converting the date palm waste to energy while eliminating the negative environmental impact and cost associated with waste disposal.

AB - This study presents the first experimental investigation of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) waste fast pyrolysis in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor. The physiochemical characteristics of the feedstock (from cultivars grown in the Emirate of Sharjah in the UAE), including three anatomical parts of the plant, namely, leaves, leaf stems and empty fruit bunches, have been first analyzed and compared to other popular type of biomass. These components have been subjected to fast pyrolysis and mass balances have been derived. The fast pyrolysis products (bio-oil, and non-condensable gas) have been analyzed in terms of their chemical composition, thermogravimetric profiles, and energy content. The overall product distribution in mass percentage at the pyrolysis temperature of 525 ºC was found to be 38.8% bio-oil (including 10.4% reaction water), 37.2% biochar and 24.0% non-condensable gas. The overall energy conversion efficiency (ratio of energy content in the product to that in the feedstock) was found to be 87.0%, thus indicative of the good potential of converting the date palm waste to energy while eliminating the negative environmental impact and cost associated with waste disposal.

KW - Biofuels

KW - Biomass

KW - Date palm waste

KW - Fast pyrolysis

KW - Fluidized bed reactor

KW - Renewable energy

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JF - Renewable Energy

ER -

Fast pyrolysis of date palm (Phoenix dactylifera) waste in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Funding

UN SDGs

Keywords

Access to Document

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