Graded-index breathing solitons from Airy pulses in multimode fibers

Breathing solitons, as localized wave packets with a periodic evolution in amplitude and duration, are able to model extreme wave events in complex nonlinear dispersive systems. We have numerically studied the formation and manipulation of graded-index breathing solitons embedded in nonlinear multimode fibers based on a single nonlinear Schrödinger equation that includes the spatial self-imaging effect through a periodically varying nonlinear parameter. Through changing specific parameters of the input optical field, we can manipulate the period and depth of graded-index breathing soliton dynamics under different relative strengths between the dispersion length and the self-imaging period of the multimode fiber. Our study can explicitly derive a robust mechanism to control the behavior of the breathing localized structure directly and contribute to a better understanding of the much more complex nonlinear graded-index soliton dynamics in multimode fibers.