High dietary nucleotide consumption for one week increases circulating uric acid concentrations but does not compromise metabolic health: a randomised controlled trial

Background & Aims Elevated circulating uric acid concentrations have been linked to various cardio-metabolic diseases. Bolus consumption of a nucleotide-rich dietary protein source increases postprandial serum uric acid concentrations. We assessed the impact of twice-daily nucleotide-rich mixed-meal consumption for one week on postabsorptive serum uric acid concentrations, insulin sensitivity (IS), glycaemic control and the plasma lipidome. Methods Twenty healthy adults participated in a randomised, controlled, parallel-group trial in which they consumed a 7 d fully-controlled eucaloric diet where lunch and dinner contained either nucleotide-depleted (LOW) or high-nucleotide (HIGH) mycoprotein. Postabsorptive blood samples were obtained pre, throughout and post-intervention, and oral glucose tolerance tests were performed pre- and post-intervention. Daily waking urine samples and 24h continuous blood glucose measurements were collected throughout. Results Postabsorptive serum uric acid concentrations remained unchanged in LOW but increased throughout the intervention week in HIGH (from 295±17 to 472±29 μmol.L-1 by day 6; P