Abstract
An innovative in-line fiber gas pressure sensor with high sensitivity, based on the enhanced Vernier effect achieved through the parallel connection of two diaphragm-type Fabry-Pérot interferometers (FPIs), is proposed and demonstrated. FPI1 is a conventional diaphragm-type FPI, whereas FPI2 is a novel two-parameter diaphragm-type FPI, which is capable of utilizing both the gas refractive index and the geometrical length of the FPI cavity to detect gas pressure. The proposed new structure of FPI2 exhibits an inverse wavelength response compared to the FPI1 in response to changes in gas pressure, thereby the enhanced Vernier effect can be generated by connecting the two FPIs in parallel, leading to a greater sensitivity magnification compared with the conventional Vernier effect. The proposed fiber gas pressure sensor exhibits an ultra-high sensitivity of 905.91 nm/kPa over a gas pressure range of 0~0.25 kPa, which further amplifies the sensitivity by 2.58 times (350.47 nm/kPa) and 1.54 times (578.79 nm/kPa), respectively, as compared with the conventional Vernier effect. Furthermore, the sensor shows good repeatability and stability, with a gas pressure-temperature crosstalk of approximately 0.7 kPa/°C. The sensor structure offers a novel insight and solution for investigating high-sensitivity fiber optic gas pressure sensors.
| Original language | English |
|---|---|
| Number of pages | 11 |
| Journal | IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement |
| Volume | 74 |
| Early online date | 5 May 2025 |
| DOIs | |
| Publication status | Published - 5 May 2025 |
Bibliographical note
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This work was supported in part by the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant 2023YFE0105800, in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant 62275093, and in part by the Key R&D Program of Hubei Province under Grant 2021BAA036.
Keywords
- Enhanced Vernier effect
- Fabry–Pérot interferometer (FPI)
- gas pressure sensing
- optical fiber sensor