Hybrid grating in reduced-diameter fiber for temperature-calibrated high-sensitivity refractive index sensing

Biqiang Jiang; Zhen Hao; Dingyi Feng; Kaiming Zhou; Lin Zhang; Jianlin Zhao

doi:10.3390/app9091923

Hybrid grating in reduced-diameter fiber for temperature-calibrated high-sensitivity refractive index sensing

Biqiang Jiang^*, Zhen Hao, Dingyi Feng, Kaiming Zhou, Lin Zhang, Jianlin Zhao

^*Corresponding author for this work

Northwestern Polytechnical University

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

7 Citations (Scopus)

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Abstract

We propose and experimentally demonstrate a hybrid grating, in which an excessively tilted fiber grating (Ex-TFG) and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) were co-inscribed in a reduced-diameter fiber (RDF). The hybrid grating showed strong resonances due to coupling among core mode and a set of polarization-dependent cladding modes. This coupling showed enhanced evanescent fields by the reduced cladding size, thus allowing stronger interaction with the surrounding medium. Moreover, the FBG's Bragg resonance confined by the thick cladding was exempt from the change of the surrounding medium's refractive index (RI), and then the FBG can work as a temperature compensator. As a result, the Ex-TFG in RDF promised a highly sensitive RI measurement, with a sensitivity up to ~1224 nm/RIU near the RI of 1.38. Through simultaneous measurement of temperature and RI, the temperature dependence of water's RI is then determined. Therefore, the proposed hybrid grating with a spectrum of multi-peaks embedded with a sharp Bragg resonance is a promising alternative for the simultaneous measurement of multi-parameters for many RI-based sensing applications.

Original language	English
Article number	1923
Journal	Applied Sciences (Switzerland)
Volume	9
Issue number	9
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.3390/app9091923
Publication status	Published - 10 May 2019

Bibliographical note

This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).

Funding

This research was supported by the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities (No. 3102019PB005).This research was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 61775182, 61505165 and 61705185), the Natural Science Basic Research Plan in Shaanxi Province of China (Grant Nos. 2019JM-330 and 2018JQ6101), and the Marie Sklodowska-Curie Individual Fellowships in the European Union's Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme (Grant No. 660648).

Keywords

Fiber Bragg grating
Refractive index sensing
Temperature dependence of the refractive index of water
Tilted fiber grating

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10.3390/app9091923Licence: CC BY 3.0

Hybrid Grating in Reduced-Diameter Fiber for Temperature-Calibrated High-Sensitivity Refractive Index Sensing
This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited (CC BY 4.0).
Final published version, 1.63 MBLicence: CC BY 3.0

Cite this

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title = "Hybrid grating in reduced-diameter fiber for temperature-calibrated high-sensitivity refractive index sensing",

abstract = "We propose and experimentally demonstrate a hybrid grating, in which an excessively tilted fiber grating (Ex-TFG) and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) were co-inscribed in a reduced-diameter fiber (RDF). The hybrid grating showed strong resonances due to coupling among core mode and a set of polarization-dependent cladding modes. This coupling showed enhanced evanescent fields by the reduced cladding size, thus allowing stronger interaction with the surrounding medium. Moreover, the FBG's Bragg resonance confined by the thick cladding was exempt from the change of the surrounding medium's refractive index (RI), and then the FBG can work as a temperature compensator. As a result, the Ex-TFG in RDF promised a highly sensitive RI measurement, with a sensitivity up to ~1224 nm/RIU near the RI of 1.38. Through simultaneous measurement of temperature and RI, the temperature dependence of water's RI is then determined. Therefore, the proposed hybrid grating with a spectrum of multi-peaks embedded with a sharp Bragg resonance is a promising alternative for the simultaneous measurement of multi-parameters for many RI-based sensing applications.",

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author = "Biqiang Jiang and Zhen Hao and Dingyi Feng and Kaiming Zhou and Lin Zhang and Jianlin Zhao",

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AU - Jiang, Biqiang

AU - Hao, Zhen

AU - Feng, Dingyi

AU - Zhou, Kaiming

AU - Zhang, Lin

AU - Zhao, Jianlin

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PY - 2019/5/10

Y1 - 2019/5/10

N2 - We propose and experimentally demonstrate a hybrid grating, in which an excessively tilted fiber grating (Ex-TFG) and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) were co-inscribed in a reduced-diameter fiber (RDF). The hybrid grating showed strong resonances due to coupling among core mode and a set of polarization-dependent cladding modes. This coupling showed enhanced evanescent fields by the reduced cladding size, thus allowing stronger interaction with the surrounding medium. Moreover, the FBG's Bragg resonance confined by the thick cladding was exempt from the change of the surrounding medium's refractive index (RI), and then the FBG can work as a temperature compensator. As a result, the Ex-TFG in RDF promised a highly sensitive RI measurement, with a sensitivity up to ~1224 nm/RIU near the RI of 1.38. Through simultaneous measurement of temperature and RI, the temperature dependence of water's RI is then determined. Therefore, the proposed hybrid grating with a spectrum of multi-peaks embedded with a sharp Bragg resonance is a promising alternative for the simultaneous measurement of multi-parameters for many RI-based sensing applications.

AB - We propose and experimentally demonstrate a hybrid grating, in which an excessively tilted fiber grating (Ex-TFG) and a fiber Bragg grating (FBG) were co-inscribed in a reduced-diameter fiber (RDF). The hybrid grating showed strong resonances due to coupling among core mode and a set of polarization-dependent cladding modes. This coupling showed enhanced evanescent fields by the reduced cladding size, thus allowing stronger interaction with the surrounding medium. Moreover, the FBG's Bragg resonance confined by the thick cladding was exempt from the change of the surrounding medium's refractive index (RI), and then the FBG can work as a temperature compensator. As a result, the Ex-TFG in RDF promised a highly sensitive RI measurement, with a sensitivity up to ~1224 nm/RIU near the RI of 1.38. Through simultaneous measurement of temperature and RI, the temperature dependence of water's RI is then determined. Therefore, the proposed hybrid grating with a spectrum of multi-peaks embedded with a sharp Bragg resonance is a promising alternative for the simultaneous measurement of multi-parameters for many RI-based sensing applications.

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KW - Tilted fiber grating

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Hybrid grating in reduced-diameter fiber for temperature-calibrated high-sensitivity refractive index sensing

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