Information processing and enabling technologies for agricultural energy Internet applications

This study provides a systematic exposition of the Agricultural Energy Internet (AEI), offering an in-depth analysis within the context of smart agriculture. This work elucidates the evolutionary pathway and emerging trends of AEI, along with the technologies underpinning its implementation. Through a systematic analysis of literature published over the past five years, the study focuses on three key research domains: (1) agricultural electrification, (2) rural energy systems, and (3) smart agriculture, thereby mapping the current research landscape of AEI. Representative studies across different developmental stages are examined to trace the evolution of AEI and its future directions, revealing a clear shift toward integrated multi-scale system-level energy modeling and large-scale AI-driven optimization. This study systematically delineates the technical architecture and evolutionary trajectory of the AEI. Finally, drawing on recent high-impact publications, three frontier research directions are identified: (1) generative AI for smart agriculture, (2) high-efficiency carbon capture technologies, and (3) low-cost energy harvesting systems.