Premature cardiovascular events and mortality in south Asians with type 2 diabetes in the United Kingdom Asian Diabetes Study - effect of ethnicity on risk

Srikanth Bellary, J. Paul O'Hare, Neil T. Raymond, Shanaz Mughal, Wasim M. Hanif, Alan Jones, Sudhesh Kumar, Anthony H. Barnett

Research output: Contribution to journalArticlepeer-review

Abstract

Background/Aim - People of south Asian origin have an excessive risk of morbidity and mortality from cardiovascular disease. We examined the effect of ethnicity on known risk factors and analysed the risk of cardiovascular events and mortality in UK south Asian and white Europeans patients with type 2 diabetes over a 2 year period.

Methods - A total of 1486 south Asian (SA) and 492 white European (WE) subjects with type 2 diabetes were recruited from 25 general practices in Coventry and Birmingham, UK. Baseline data included clinical history, anthropometry and measurements of traditional risk factors – blood pressure, total cholesterol, HbA1c. Multiple linear regression models were used to examine ethnicity differences in individual risk factors. Ten-year cardiovascular risk was estimated using the Framingham and UKPDS equations. All subjects were followed up for 2 years. Cardiovascular events (CVD) and mortality between the two groups were compared.

Findings - Significant differences were noted in risk profiles between both groups. After adjustment for clustering and confounding a significant ethnicity effect remained only for higher HbA1c (0.50 [0.22 to 0.77]; P?=?0.0004) and lower HDL (-0.09 [-0.17 to -0.01]; P?=?0.0266). Baseline CVD history was predictive of CVD events during follow-up for SA (P?<?0.0001) but not WE (P?=?0.189). Mean age at death was 66.8 (11.8) for SA vs. 74.2 (12.1) for WE, a difference of 7.4 years (95% CI 1.0 to 13.7 years), P?=?0.023. The adjusted odds ratio of CVD event or death from CVD was greater but not significantly so in SA than in WE (OR 1.4 [0.9 to 2.2]).

Limitations - Fewer events in both groups and short period of follow-up are key limitations. Longer follow-up is required to see if the observed differences between the ethnic groups persist.

Conclusion - South Asian patients with type 2 diabetes in the UK have a higher cardiovascular risk and present with cardiovascular events at a significantly younger age than white Europeans. Enhanced and ethnicity specific targets and effective treatments are needed if these inequalities are to be reduced.
Original languageEnglish
Pages (from-to)1873-1879
Number of pages7
JournalCurrent Medical Research and Opinion
Volume26
Issue number8
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - Aug 2010

Keywords

  • adult
  • age distribution
  • aged
  • Southeastern Asia
  • Asian continental ancestry group
  • cardiovascular diseases
  • type 2 diabetes mellitus
  • European continental ancestry group
  • female
  • follow-up studies
  • Great Britain
  • humans
  • linear models
  • male
  • middle aged
  • morbidity
  • prevalence
  • risk factors
  • sex distribution

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'Premature cardiovascular events and mortality in south Asians with type 2 diabetes in the United Kingdom Asian Diabetes Study - effect of ethnicity on risk'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this