Protein Lipoxidation: Basic Concepts and Emerging Roles

Álvaro Viedma-Poyatos, Patricia González-Jiménez, Ophélie Langlois, Idoia Company-Marín, Corinne M. Spickett, Dolores Pérez-Sala*

*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

Abstract

Protein lipoxidation is a non-enzymatic post-translational modification that consists of the covalent addition of reactive lipid species to proteins. This occurs under basal conditions but increases in situations associated with oxidative stress. Protein targets for lipoxidation include metabolic and signalling enzymes, cytoskeletal proteins, and transcription factors, among others. There is strong evidence for the involvement of protein lipoxidation in disease, including atherosclerosis, neurodegeneration, and cancer. Nevertheless, the involvement of lipoxidation in cellular regulatory mechanisms is less understood. Here we review basic aspects of protein lipoxidation and discuss several features that could support its role in cell signalling, including its selectivity, reversibility, and possibilities for regulation at the levels of the generation and/or detoxification of reactive lipids. Moreover, given the great structural variety of electrophilic lipid species, protein lipoxidation can contribute to the generation of multiple structurally and functionally diverse protein species. Finally, the nature of the lipoxidised proteins and residues provides a frameshift for a complex interplay with other post-translational modifications, including redox and redox-regulated modifications, such as oxidative modifications and phosphorylation, thus strengthening the importance of detailed knowledge of this process.
Original languageEnglish
Article number295
Number of pages28
JournalAntioxidants
Volume10
Issue number2
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 16 Feb 2021

Bibliographical note

© 2021 by the authors. Licensee MDPI, Basel, Switzerland.
This article is an open access article
distributed under the terms and conditions of the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/)

Keywords

  • Cell signalling
  • Electrophilic lipids
  • Lipoxidation
  • Oxidative stress
  • Post-translational modifications
  • Regulation
  • Selectivity

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