Psychophysical evidence for two routes to suppression before binocular summation of signals in human vision

Daniel H. Baker; Timothy S. Meese; Robert J. Summers

doi:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.01.030

Psychophysical evidence for two routes to suppression before binocular summation of signals in human vision

Daniel H. Baker, Timothy S. Meese^*, Robert J. Summers

^*Corresponding author for this work

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

Visual mechanisms in primary visual cortex are suppressed by the superposition of gratings perpendicular to their preferred orientations. A clear picture of this process is needed to (i) inform functional architecture of image-processing models, (ii) identify the pathways available to support binocular rivalry, and (iii) generally advance our understanding of early vision. Here we use monoptic sine-wave gratings and cross-orientation masking (XOM) to reveal two cross-oriented suppressive pathways in humans, both of which occur before full binocular summation of signals. One is a within-eye (ipsiocular) pathway that is spatially broadband, immune to contrast adaptation and has a suppressive weight that tends to decrease with stimulus duration. The other pathway operates between the eyes (interocular), is spatially tuned, desensitizes with contrast adaptation and has a suppressive weight that increases with stimulus duration. When cross-oriented masks are presented to both eyes, masking is enhanced or diminished for conditions in which either ipsiocular or interocular pathways dominate masking, respectively. We propose that ipsiocular suppression precedes the influence of interocular suppression and tentatively associate the two effects with the lateral geniculate nucleus (or retina) and the visual cortex respectively. The interocular route is a good candidate for the initial pathway involved in binocular rivalry and predicts that interocular cross-orientation suppression should be found in cortical cells with predominantly ipsiocular drive. © 2007 IBRO.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	435-448
Number of pages	14
Journal	Neuroscience
Volume	146
Issue number	1
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.01.030
Publication status	Published - 7 Mar 2007

Bibliographical note

NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Neuroscience. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Baker, Daniel H.; Meese, Timothy S. and Summers, Robert J. (2007). Psychophysical evidence for two routes to suppression before binocular summation of signals in human vision. Neuroscience, 146 (1), pp. 435-448. DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.01.030

Keywords

binocular rivalry
contrast gain control
cross-orientation inhibition
human vision
masking
psychophysics

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10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.01.030

Suppression before binocular summation of signals in human vision
NOTICE: this is the author’s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Neuroscience. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Baker, Daniel H.; Meese, Timothy S. and Summers, Robert J. (2007). Psychophysical evidence for two routes to suppression before binocular summation of signals in human vision. Neuroscience, 146 (1), pp. 435-448. DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.01.030

Cite this

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title = "Psychophysical evidence for two routes to suppression before binocular summation of signals in human vision",

abstract = "Visual mechanisms in primary visual cortex are suppressed by the superposition of gratings perpendicular to their preferred orientations. A clear picture of this process is needed to (i) inform functional architecture of image-processing models, (ii) identify the pathways available to support binocular rivalry, and (iii) generally advance our understanding of early vision. Here we use monoptic sine-wave gratings and cross-orientation masking (XOM) to reveal two cross-oriented suppressive pathways in humans, both of which occur before full binocular summation of signals. One is a within-eye (ipsiocular) pathway that is spatially broadband, immune to contrast adaptation and has a suppressive weight that tends to decrease with stimulus duration. The other pathway operates between the eyes (interocular), is spatially tuned, desensitizes with contrast adaptation and has a suppressive weight that increases with stimulus duration. When cross-oriented masks are presented to both eyes, masking is enhanced or diminished for conditions in which either ipsiocular or interocular pathways dominate masking, respectively. We propose that ipsiocular suppression precedes the influence of interocular suppression and tentatively associate the two effects with the lateral geniculate nucleus (or retina) and the visual cortex respectively. The interocular route is a good candidate for the initial pathway involved in binocular rivalry and predicts that interocular cross-orientation suppression should be found in cortical cells with predominantly ipsiocular drive. {\textcopyright} 2007 IBRO.",

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note = "NOTICE: this is the author{\textquoteright}s version of a work that was accepted for publication in Neuroscience. Changes resulting from the publishing process, such as peer review, editing, corrections, structural formatting, and other quality control mechanisms may not be reflected in this document. Changes may have been made to this work since it was submitted for publication. A definitive version was subsequently published in Baker, Daniel H.; Meese, Timothy S. and Summers, Robert J. (2007). Psychophysical evidence for two routes to suppression before binocular summation of signals in human vision. Neuroscience, 146 (1), pp. 435-448. DOI 10.1016/j.neuroscience.2007.01.030",

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AB - Visual mechanisms in primary visual cortex are suppressed by the superposition of gratings perpendicular to their preferred orientations. A clear picture of this process is needed to (i) inform functional architecture of image-processing models, (ii) identify the pathways available to support binocular rivalry, and (iii) generally advance our understanding of early vision. Here we use monoptic sine-wave gratings and cross-orientation masking (XOM) to reveal two cross-oriented suppressive pathways in humans, both of which occur before full binocular summation of signals. One is a within-eye (ipsiocular) pathway that is spatially broadband, immune to contrast adaptation and has a suppressive weight that tends to decrease with stimulus duration. The other pathway operates between the eyes (interocular), is spatially tuned, desensitizes with contrast adaptation and has a suppressive weight that increases with stimulus duration. When cross-oriented masks are presented to both eyes, masking is enhanced or diminished for conditions in which either ipsiocular or interocular pathways dominate masking, respectively. We propose that ipsiocular suppression precedes the influence of interocular suppression and tentatively associate the two effects with the lateral geniculate nucleus (or retina) and the visual cortex respectively. The interocular route is a good candidate for the initial pathway involved in binocular rivalry and predicts that interocular cross-orientation suppression should be found in cortical cells with predominantly ipsiocular drive. © 2007 IBRO.

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EP - 448

JO - Neuroscience

JF - Neuroscience

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ER -

Psychophysical evidence for two routes to suppression before binocular summation of signals in human vision

Abstract

Bibliographical note

Keywords

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