Pyrolysis of Napier grass in a fixed bed reactor: effect of operating conditions on product yields and characteristic

Isah Yakub Mohammed; Yousif Abdalla Abakr; Feroz Kabir Kazi; Suzana Yusuf; Ibraheem Alshareef; Soh Aik Chin

doi:10.15376/biores.10.4.6457-6478

Pyrolysis of Napier grass in a fixed bed reactor: effect of operating conditions on product yields and characteristic

Isah Yakub Mohammed, Yousif Abdalla Abakr, Feroz Kabir Kazi, Suzana Yusuf, Ibraheem Alshareef, Soh Aik Chin

College of Engineering and Physical Sciences

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

This study presents a report on pyrolysis of Napier grass stem in a fixed bed reactor. The effects of nitrogen flow (20 to 60 mL/min), and reaction temperature (450 to 650 degrees C) were investigated. Increasing the nitrogen flow from 20 to 30 mL/min increased the bio-oil yield and decreased both bio-char and non-condensable gas. 30 mL/min nitrogen flow resulted in optimum bio-oil yield and was used in the subsequent experiments. Reaction temperatures between 450 and 600 degrees C increased the bio-oil yield, with maximum yield of 32.26 wt% at 600 degrees C and a decrease in the corresponding bio-char and non-condensable gas. At 650 degrees C, reductions in the bio-oil and bio-char yields were recorded while the non-condensable gas increased. Water content of the bio-oil decreased with increasing reaction temperature, while density and viscosity increased. The observed pH and higher heating values were between 2.43 to 2.97, and 25.25 to 28.88 MJ/kg, respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed that the oil was made up of highly oxygenated compounds and requires upgrading. The bio-char and non-condensable gas were characterized, and the effect of reaction temperature on the properties was evaluated. Napier grass represents a good source of renewable energy when all pyrolysis products are efficiently utilized.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	6457-6478
Number of pages	22
Journal	BioResources
Volume	10
Issue number	4
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.15376/biores.10.4.6457-6478
Publication status	Published - 12 Aug 2015

Bibliographical note

Research articles, scholarly reviews, and editorial items accepted for publication by BioResources are made available for viewing and downlaod, without restriction and without charge, to users of the Internet. Such users are entitled to fair use of the material for research and educational purposes, but they do not have permission to publish or to sell the material or to quote it without attribution. The author(s) retain rights to use the submitted and published material without restriction.

Keywords

Napier grass
pyrolysis
bio-oil
bio-char
non-condensable
characterisation

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10.15376/biores.10.4.6457-6478Licence: Unspecified

Pyrolysis of Napier grass in a fixed bed reactors
Research articles, scholarly reviews, and editorial items accepted for publication by BioResources are made available for viewing and downlaod, without restriction and without charge, to users of the Internet. Such users are entitled to fair use of the material for research and educational purposes, but they do not have permission to publish or to sell the material or to quote it without attribution. The author(s) retain rights to use the submitted and published material without restriction.
Final published version, 644 KBLicence: Unspecified

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Cite this

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title = "Pyrolysis of Napier grass in a fixed bed reactor: effect of operating conditions on product yields and characteristic",

abstract = "This study presents a report on pyrolysis of Napier grass stem in a fixed bed reactor. The effects of nitrogen flow (20 to 60 mL/min), and reaction temperature (450 to 650 degrees C) were investigated. Increasing the nitrogen flow from 20 to 30 mL/min increased the bio-oil yield and decreased both bio-char and non-condensable gas. 30 mL/min nitrogen flow resulted in optimum bio-oil yield and was used in the subsequent experiments. Reaction temperatures between 450 and 600 degrees C increased the bio-oil yield, with maximum yield of 32.26 wt% at 600 degrees C and a decrease in the corresponding bio-char and non-condensable gas. At 650 degrees C, reductions in the bio-oil and bio-char yields were recorded while the non-condensable gas increased. Water content of the bio-oil decreased with increasing reaction temperature, while density and viscosity increased. The observed pH and higher heating values were between 2.43 to 2.97, and 25.25 to 28.88 MJ/kg, respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed that the oil was made up of highly oxygenated compounds and requires upgrading. The bio-char and non-condensable gas were characterized, and the effect of reaction temperature on the properties was evaluated. Napier grass represents a good source of renewable energy when all pyrolysis products are efficiently utilized.",

keywords = "Napier grass, pyrolysis, bio-oil, bio-char, non-condensable, characterisation",

author = "Mohammed, {Isah Yakub} and Abakr, {Yousif Abdalla} and Kazi, {Feroz Kabir} and Suzana Yusuf and Ibraheem Alshareef and Chin, {Soh Aik}",

note = "Research articles, scholarly reviews, and editorial items accepted for publication by BioResources are made available for viewing and downlaod, without restriction and without charge, to users of the Internet. Such users are entitled to fair use of the material for research and educational purposes, but they do not have permission to publish or to sell the material or to quote it without attribution. The author(s) retain rights to use the submitted and published material without restriction.",

year = "2015",

month = aug,

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doi = "10.15376/biores.10.4.6457-6478",

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T2 - effect of operating conditions on product yields and characteristic

AU - Mohammed, Isah Yakub

AU - Abakr, Yousif Abdalla

AU - Kazi, Feroz Kabir

AU - Yusuf, Suzana

AU - Alshareef, Ibraheem

AU - Chin, Soh Aik

N1 - Research articles, scholarly reviews, and editorial items accepted for publication by BioResources are made available for viewing and downlaod, without restriction and without charge, to users of the Internet. Such users are entitled to fair use of the material for research and educational purposes, but they do not have permission to publish or to sell the material or to quote it without attribution. The author(s) retain rights to use the submitted and published material without restriction.

PY - 2015/8/12

Y1 - 2015/8/12

N2 - This study presents a report on pyrolysis of Napier grass stem in a fixed bed reactor. The effects of nitrogen flow (20 to 60 mL/min), and reaction temperature (450 to 650 degrees C) were investigated. Increasing the nitrogen flow from 20 to 30 mL/min increased the bio-oil yield and decreased both bio-char and non-condensable gas. 30 mL/min nitrogen flow resulted in optimum bio-oil yield and was used in the subsequent experiments. Reaction temperatures between 450 and 600 degrees C increased the bio-oil yield, with maximum yield of 32.26 wt% at 600 degrees C and a decrease in the corresponding bio-char and non-condensable gas. At 650 degrees C, reductions in the bio-oil and bio-char yields were recorded while the non-condensable gas increased. Water content of the bio-oil decreased with increasing reaction temperature, while density and viscosity increased. The observed pH and higher heating values were between 2.43 to 2.97, and 25.25 to 28.88 MJ/kg, respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed that the oil was made up of highly oxygenated compounds and requires upgrading. The bio-char and non-condensable gas were characterized, and the effect of reaction temperature on the properties was evaluated. Napier grass represents a good source of renewable energy when all pyrolysis products are efficiently utilized.

AB - This study presents a report on pyrolysis of Napier grass stem in a fixed bed reactor. The effects of nitrogen flow (20 to 60 mL/min), and reaction temperature (450 to 650 degrees C) were investigated. Increasing the nitrogen flow from 20 to 30 mL/min increased the bio-oil yield and decreased both bio-char and non-condensable gas. 30 mL/min nitrogen flow resulted in optimum bio-oil yield and was used in the subsequent experiments. Reaction temperatures between 450 and 600 degrees C increased the bio-oil yield, with maximum yield of 32.26 wt% at 600 degrees C and a decrease in the corresponding bio-char and non-condensable gas. At 650 degrees C, reductions in the bio-oil and bio-char yields were recorded while the non-condensable gas increased. Water content of the bio-oil decreased with increasing reaction temperature, while density and viscosity increased. The observed pH and higher heating values were between 2.43 to 2.97, and 25.25 to 28.88 MJ/kg, respectively. GC-MS analysis revealed that the oil was made up of highly oxygenated compounds and requires upgrading. The bio-char and non-condensable gas were characterized, and the effect of reaction temperature on the properties was evaluated. Napier grass represents a good source of renewable energy when all pyrolysis products are efficiently utilized.

KW - Napier grass

KW - pyrolysis

KW - bio-oil

KW - bio-char

KW - non-condensable

KW - characterisation

U2 - 10.15376/biores.10.4.6457-6478

DO - 10.15376/biores.10.4.6457-6478

M3 - Article

SN - 1930-2126

VL - 10

SP - 6457

EP - 6478

JO - BioResources

JF - BioResources

IS - 4

ER -

Pyrolysis of Napier grass in a fixed bed reactor: effect of operating conditions on product yields and characteristic

Abstract

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Keywords

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