Refractive errors associated with tilted optic discs: a prospective study

Purpose: Tilted disc syndrome has been described to be associated with obliquely directed long axis of the disc, oblique direction of vessels, retinal pigment epithelial conus, hypoplasia of retina, visual field defects and myopic astigmatism. This prospective study looks at corneal astigmatism in eyes with a tilted optic disc. Refractive errors in these eyes were also analyzed.
Methods: Patients with tilted optic discs were identified prospectively by clinical evaluation (BI, VK). All the patients with obliquely directed long axis of the disc, oblique direction of vessels and retinal pigment epithelial conus were included in the study. Best corrected visual acuity, slit-lamp examination, optic disc measurements, keratometry and refraction were recorded.
Results: Twenty four patients (41 eyes) were recruited for the study. Eighteen (75%) patients had bilateral tilted optic discs. Eighteen patients (75%) were females and six (25%) were males. The mean age was 62 years(range 9 – 86 years). 76% of the patients were myopic and 24% hypermetropic. The mean spherical equivalent was –7.49 dioptres (SD 1.7D, range +6D to -17D). The mean corneal astigmatism was 1.09D (SD 0.9D, range 0.25D to 3.80D). The 6 patients who had unilateral, untilted discs were used as a control group to compare their mean corneal astigmatism (1.32 D) with the rest. Student "t" test was performed. ("p" = 0.49).
Conclusions: In our study, tilted disc syndrome was found to be largely bilateral and more commonly seen in females. Myopia was the commonest refractive error associated with this clinical condition. However, 24% of patients in this series were hypermetropic. No correlation between the tilting of the optic disc and significant corneal astigmatism was noted as previously reported.