TY - JOUR
T1 - Risk of Incident Thyroid Dysfunction in the Post-Acute Phase of COVID-19
T2 - A Population-Based Cohort Study in Hong Kong
AU - Wai Lui, David Tak
AU - Xiong, Xi
AU - Cheung, Ching-Lung
AU - Tsun Lai, Francisco Tsz
AU - Li, Xue
AU - Fai Wan, Eric Yuk
AU - Ling Chui, Celine Sze
AU - Yin Chan, Esther Wai
AU - Tak Cheng, Franco Wing
AU - Li, Lanlan
AU - Hin Chung, Matthew Shing
AU - Lee, Chi Ho
AU - Woo, Yu Cho
AU - Beng Tan, Kathryn Choon
AU - Ho Wong, Carlos King
AU - Wong, Ian Chi Kei
PY - 2024/6
Y1 - 2024/6
N2 - OBJECTIVE: The evidence of thyroid dysfunction in the post-acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of incident thyroid dysfunction in the post-acute phase of COVID-19.METHODS: This retrospective, propensity-score matched, population-based study included COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 individuals between January 2020 and March 2022, identified from the electronic medical records of the Hong Kong Hospital Authority. The cohort was followed up until the occurrence of outcomes, death, or 31 January 2023, whichever came first. Patients with COVID-19 were 1:1 matched to controls based on various variables. The primary outcome was a composite of thyroid dysfunction (hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, initiation of antithyroid drug or levothyroxine, and thyroiditis). Cox regression was employed to evaluate the risk of incident thyroid dysfunction during the post-acute phase.RESULTS: A total of 84 034 COVID-19 survivors and 84 034 matched controls were identified. Upon a median follow-up of 303 days, there was no significant increase in the risk of diagnosed thyroid dysfunction in the post-acute phase of COVID-19 (hazard ratio [HR] 1.058, 95% confidence interval 0.979-1.144, P = .154). Regarding the secondary outcomes, patients with COVID-19 did not have increased risk of hyperthyroidism (HR 1.061, P = .345), hypothyroidism (HR 1.062, P = .255), initiation of antithyroid drug (HR 1.302, P = .070), initiation of levothyroxine (HR 1.086, P = .426), or thyroiditis (P = .252). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were largely consistent with the main analyses.CONCLUSION: Our population-based cohort study provided important reassuring data that COVID-19 was unlikely to be associated with persistent effects on thyroid function.
AB - OBJECTIVE: The evidence of thyroid dysfunction in the post-acute phase of SARS-CoV-2 infection is limited. This study aimed to evaluate the risk of incident thyroid dysfunction in the post-acute phase of COVID-19.METHODS: This retrospective, propensity-score matched, population-based study included COVID-19 patients and non-COVID-19 individuals between January 2020 and March 2022, identified from the electronic medical records of the Hong Kong Hospital Authority. The cohort was followed up until the occurrence of outcomes, death, or 31 January 2023, whichever came first. Patients with COVID-19 were 1:1 matched to controls based on various variables. The primary outcome was a composite of thyroid dysfunction (hyperthyroidism, hypothyroidism, initiation of antithyroid drug or levothyroxine, and thyroiditis). Cox regression was employed to evaluate the risk of incident thyroid dysfunction during the post-acute phase.RESULTS: A total of 84 034 COVID-19 survivors and 84 034 matched controls were identified. Upon a median follow-up of 303 days, there was no significant increase in the risk of diagnosed thyroid dysfunction in the post-acute phase of COVID-19 (hazard ratio [HR] 1.058, 95% confidence interval 0.979-1.144, P = .154). Regarding the secondary outcomes, patients with COVID-19 did not have increased risk of hyperthyroidism (HR 1.061, P = .345), hypothyroidism (HR 1.062, P = .255), initiation of antithyroid drug (HR 1.302, P = .070), initiation of levothyroxine (HR 1.086, P = .426), or thyroiditis (P = .252). Subgroup and sensitivity analyses were largely consistent with the main analyses.CONCLUSION: Our population-based cohort study provided important reassuring data that COVID-19 was unlikely to be associated with persistent effects on thyroid function.
KW - thyroid dysfunction
KW - Graves’ disease
KW - thyroiditis
KW - hyperthyroidism
KW - SARS-CoV-2 infection
KW - Long COVID
KW - hypothyroidism
KW - SARS-CoV-2
KW - Graves disease
UR - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1530891X24004725
UR - http://www.scopus.com/inward/record.url?scp=85191338470&partnerID=8YFLogxK
U2 - 10.1016/j.eprac.2024.03.389
DO - 10.1016/j.eprac.2024.03.389
M3 - Article
C2 - 38552902
SN - 1530-891X
VL - 30
SP - 528
EP - 536
JO - Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
JF - Endocrine practice : official journal of the American College of Endocrinology and the American Association of Clinical Endocrinologists
IS - 6
ER -