Robotic disassembly for end-of-life products focusing on task and motion planning: A comprehensive survey

The rise of mass production and the resulting accumulation of end-of-life (EoL) products present a growing challenge in waste management and highlight the need for efficient resource recovery. In response to this challenge, robotic disassembly has emerged as a vital tool for the circular economy. Combining accuracy, adaptability, and the potential for handling hazardous materials offers a sustainable solution for dismantling complex EoL objects. This comprehensive survey delves into the motivations for robotic disassembly and the pivotal role of task and motion planning (TAMP) in optimising disassembly processes. It analyses the evolution of disassembly strategies, from conventional methods to those driven by cutting-edge artificial intelligence (AI) techniques, for the future of waste management. Additionally, the survey explores several case study applications, focusing on the disassembly of EV lithium-ion batteries. It highlights how TAMP and AI integration can bolster adaptability, safety, and informed decision-making within real-world disassembly challenges. Finally, the review examines promising future research directions in robotics that hold the potential to advance further improvement in robotic disassembly to increase sustainability and the responsible management of EoL products.