Surface-Modified Polypyrrole-Coated PLCL and PLGA Nerve Guide Conduits Fabricated by 3D Printing and Electrospinning

Manasanan Namhongsa; Donraporn Daranarong; Montira Sriyai; Robert Molloy; Sukunya Ross; Gareth M. Ross; Adisorn Tuantranont; Jiraporn Tocharus; Sivanan Sivasinprasasn; Paul D. Topham; Brian Tighe; Winita Punyodom

doi:10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00626

Surface-Modified Polypyrrole-Coated PLCL and PLGA Nerve Guide Conduits Fabricated by 3D Printing and Electrospinning

Manasanan Namhongsa, Donraporn Daranarong, Montira Sriyai, Robert Molloy, Sukunya Ross, Gareth M. Ross, Adisorn Tuantranont, Jiraporn Tocharus, Sivanan Sivasinprasasn, Paul D. Topham, Brian Tighe, Winita Punyodom

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

The efficiency of nerve guide conduits (NGCs) in repairing peripheral nerve injury is not high enough yet to be a substitute for autografts and is still insufficient for clinical use. To improve this efficiency, 3D electrospun scaffolds (3D/E) of poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) and poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) were designed and fabricated by the combination of 3D printing and electrospinning techniques, resulting in an ideal porous architecture for NGCs. Polypyrrole (PPy) was deposited on PLCL and PLGA scaffolds to enhance biocompatibility for nerve recovery. The designed pore architecture of these “PLCL-3D/E” and “PLGA-3D/E” scaffolds exhibited a combination of nano- and microscale structures. The mean pore size of PLCL-3D/E and PLGA-3D/E scaffolds were 289 ± 79 and 287 ± 95 nm, respectively, which meets the required pore size for NGCs. Furthermore, the addition of PPy on the surfaces of both PLCL-3D/E (PLCL-3D/E/PPy) and PLGA-3D/E (PLGA-3D/E/PPy) led to an increase in their hydrophilicity, conductivity, and noncytotoxicity compared to noncoated PPy scaffolds. Both PLCL-3D/E/PPy and PLGA-3D/E/PPy showed conductivity maintained at 12.40 ± 0.12 and 10.50 ± 0.08 Scm–1 for up to 15 and 9 weeks, respectively, which are adequate for the electroconduction of neuron cells. Notably, the PLGA-3D/E/PPy scaffold showed superior cytocompatibility when compared with PLCL-3D/E/PPy, as evident via the viability assay, proliferation, and attachment of L929 and SC cells. Furthermore, analysis of cell health through membrane leakage and apoptotic indices showed that the 3D/E/PPy scaffolds displayed significant decreases in membrane leakage and reductions in necrotic tissue. Our finding suggests that these 3D/E/PPy scaffolds have a favorable design architecture and biocompatibility with potential for use in peripheral nerve regeneration applications.

Original language	English
Pages (from-to)	4532-4546
Journal	Biomacromolecules
Volume	23
Issue number	11
Early online date	28 Sept 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00626
Publication status	Published - 14 Nov 2022

Bibliographical note

Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society. This accepted manuscript version is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/.

Access to the Version of Record for M. Namhongsa, D. Daranarong, M. Sriyai, R. Molloy, S. Ross, G.M. Ross, A. Tuantranont, J. Tocharus, S. Jiraporn, S. Sivasinprasasn, P.D. Topham, B. Tighe, and W. Punyodom, (2022). 'Surface-Modified Polypyrrole-Coated PLCL and PLGA Nerve Guide Conduits Fabricated by 3D Printing and Electrospinning'. Biomacromolecules, - can be found here: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00626

Funding Information:
The authors are thankful to the Royal Golden Jubilee for a Ph.D. Program (RGJ) and National Research University Project (NRU) for financial support as well as the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, Office of National Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Policy Council (NXPO) [grant number B16F640001]; Fundamental Fund 2022, Chiang Mai University; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University; and the National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), NSTDA. This project was also partially funded from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 871650 (MEDIPOL).

Keywords

Materials Chemistry
Polymers and Plastics
Biomaterials
Bioengineering

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10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00626

Nahmongsaetal_2022_AAM
Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society. This accepted manuscript version is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Access to the Version of Record for M. Namhongsa, D. Daranarong, M. Sriyai, R. Molloy, S. Ross, G.M. Ross, A. Tuantranont, J. Tocharus, S. Jiraporn, S. Sivasinprasasn, P.D. Topham, B. Tighe, and W. Punyodom, (2022). 'Surface-Modified Polypyrrole-Coated PLCL and PLGA Nerve Guide Conduits Fabricated by 3D Printing and Electrospinning'. Biomacromolecules, - can be found here: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00626
Accepted author manuscript, 24 MBLicence: CC BY-NC-ND 4.0

Cite this

Namhongsa, M., Daranarong, D., Sriyai, M., Molloy, R., Ross, S., Ross, G. M., Tuantranont, A., Tocharus, J., Sivasinprasasn, S., Topham, P. D., Tighe, B., & Punyodom, W. (2022). Surface-Modified Polypyrrole-Coated PLCL and PLGA Nerve Guide Conduits Fabricated by 3D Printing and Electrospinning. Biomacromolecules, 23(11), 4532-4546. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00626

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title = "Surface-Modified Polypyrrole-Coated PLCL and PLGA Nerve Guide Conduits Fabricated by 3D Printing and Electrospinning",

abstract = "The efficiency of nerve guide conduits (NGCs) in repairing peripheral nerve injury is not high enough yet to be a substitute for autografts and is still insufficient for clinical use. To improve this efficiency, 3D electrospun scaffolds (3D/E) of poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) and poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) were designed and fabricated by the combination of 3D printing and electrospinning techniques, resulting in an ideal porous architecture for NGCs. Polypyrrole (PPy) was deposited on PLCL and PLGA scaffolds to enhance biocompatibility for nerve recovery. The designed pore architecture of these “PLCL-3D/E” and “PLGA-3D/E” scaffolds exhibited a combination of nano- and microscale structures. The mean pore size of PLCL-3D/E and PLGA-3D/E scaffolds were 289 ± 79 and 287 ± 95 nm, respectively, which meets the required pore size for NGCs. Furthermore, the addition of PPy on the surfaces of both PLCL-3D/E (PLCL-3D/E/PPy) and PLGA-3D/E (PLGA-3D/E/PPy) led to an increase in their hydrophilicity, conductivity, and noncytotoxicity compared to noncoated PPy scaffolds. Both PLCL-3D/E/PPy and PLGA-3D/E/PPy showed conductivity maintained at 12.40 ± 0.12 and 10.50 ± 0.08 Scm–1 for up to 15 and 9 weeks, respectively, which are adequate for the electroconduction of neuron cells. Notably, the PLGA-3D/E/PPy scaffold showed superior cytocompatibility when compared with PLCL-3D/E/PPy, as evident via the viability assay, proliferation, and attachment of L929 and SC cells. Furthermore, analysis of cell health through membrane leakage and apoptotic indices showed that the 3D/E/PPy scaffolds displayed significant decreases in membrane leakage and reductions in necrotic tissue. Our finding suggests that these 3D/E/PPy scaffolds have a favorable design architecture and biocompatibility with potential for use in peripheral nerve regeneration applications.",

keywords = "Materials Chemistry, Polymers and Plastics, Biomaterials, Bioengineering",

author = "Manasanan Namhongsa and Donraporn Daranarong and Montira Sriyai and Robert Molloy and Sukunya Ross and Ross, {Gareth M.} and Adisorn Tuantranont and Jiraporn Tocharus and Sivanan Sivasinprasasn and Topham, {Paul D.} and Brian Tighe and Winita Punyodom",

note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2022 American Chemical Society. This accepted manuscript version is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Access to the Version of Record for M. Namhongsa, D. Daranarong, M. Sriyai, R. Molloy, S. Ross, G.M. Ross, A. Tuantranont, J. Tocharus, S. Jiraporn, S. Sivasinprasasn, P.D. Topham, B. Tighe, and W. Punyodom, (2022). 'Surface-Modified Polypyrrole-Coated PLCL and PLGA Nerve Guide Conduits Fabricated by 3D Printing and Electrospinning'. Biomacromolecules, - can be found here: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00626 Funding Information: The authors are thankful to the Royal Golden Jubilee for a Ph.D. Program (RGJ) and National Research University Project (NRU) for financial support as well as the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, Office of National Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Policy Council (NXPO) [grant number B16F640001]; Fundamental Fund 2022, Chiang Mai University; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University; and the National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), NSTDA. This project was also partially funded from the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 871650 (MEDIPOL).",

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Namhongsa, M, Daranarong, D, Sriyai, M, Molloy, R, Ross, S, Ross, GM, Tuantranont, A, Tocharus, J, Sivasinprasasn, S, Topham, PD , Tighe, B & Punyodom, W 2022, 'Surface-Modified Polypyrrole-Coated PLCL and PLGA Nerve Guide Conduits Fabricated by 3D Printing and Electrospinning', Biomacromolecules, vol. 23, no. 11, pp. 4532-4546. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00626

TY - JOUR

T1 - Surface-Modified Polypyrrole-Coated PLCL and PLGA Nerve Guide Conduits Fabricated by 3D Printing and Electrospinning

AU - Namhongsa, Manasanan

AU - Daranarong, Donraporn

AU - Sriyai, Montira

AU - Molloy, Robert

AU - Ross, Sukunya

AU - Ross, Gareth M.

AU - Tuantranont, Adisorn

AU - Tocharus, Jiraporn

AU - Sivasinprasasn, Sivanan

AU - Topham, Paul D.

AU - Tighe, Brian

AU - Punyodom, Winita

N1 - Copyright © 2022 American Chemical Society. This accepted manuscript version is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Access to the Version of Record for M. Namhongsa, D. Daranarong, M. Sriyai, R. Molloy, S. Ross, G.M. Ross, A. Tuantranont, J. Tocharus, S. Jiraporn, S. Sivasinprasasn, P.D. Topham, B. Tighe, and W. Punyodom, (2022). 'Surface-Modified Polypyrrole-Coated PLCL and PLGA Nerve Guide Conduits Fabricated by 3D Printing and Electrospinning'. Biomacromolecules, - can be found here: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00626 Funding Information: The authors are thankful to the Royal Golden Jubilee for a Ph.D. Program (RGJ) and National Research University Project (NRU) for financial support as well as the Program Management Unit for Human Resources & Institutional Development, Research and Innovation, Office of National Higher Education Science Research and Innovation Policy Council (NXPO) [grant number B16F640001]; Fundamental Fund 2022, Chiang Mai University; Center of Excellence in Materials Science and Technology, Chiang Mai University; and the National Electronics and Computer Technology Center (NECTEC), NSTDA. This project was also partially funded from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 871650 (MEDIPOL).

PY - 2022/11/14

Y1 - 2022/11/14

N2 - The efficiency of nerve guide conduits (NGCs) in repairing peripheral nerve injury is not high enough yet to be a substitute for autografts and is still insufficient for clinical use. To improve this efficiency, 3D electrospun scaffolds (3D/E) of poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) and poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) were designed and fabricated by the combination of 3D printing and electrospinning techniques, resulting in an ideal porous architecture for NGCs. Polypyrrole (PPy) was deposited on PLCL and PLGA scaffolds to enhance biocompatibility for nerve recovery. The designed pore architecture of these “PLCL-3D/E” and “PLGA-3D/E” scaffolds exhibited a combination of nano- and microscale structures. The mean pore size of PLCL-3D/E and PLGA-3D/E scaffolds were 289 ± 79 and 287 ± 95 nm, respectively, which meets the required pore size for NGCs. Furthermore, the addition of PPy on the surfaces of both PLCL-3D/E (PLCL-3D/E/PPy) and PLGA-3D/E (PLGA-3D/E/PPy) led to an increase in their hydrophilicity, conductivity, and noncytotoxicity compared to noncoated PPy scaffolds. Both PLCL-3D/E/PPy and PLGA-3D/E/PPy showed conductivity maintained at 12.40 ± 0.12 and 10.50 ± 0.08 Scm–1 for up to 15 and 9 weeks, respectively, which are adequate for the electroconduction of neuron cells. Notably, the PLGA-3D/E/PPy scaffold showed superior cytocompatibility when compared with PLCL-3D/E/PPy, as evident via the viability assay, proliferation, and attachment of L929 and SC cells. Furthermore, analysis of cell health through membrane leakage and apoptotic indices showed that the 3D/E/PPy scaffolds displayed significant decreases in membrane leakage and reductions in necrotic tissue. Our finding suggests that these 3D/E/PPy scaffolds have a favorable design architecture and biocompatibility with potential for use in peripheral nerve regeneration applications.

AB - The efficiency of nerve guide conduits (NGCs) in repairing peripheral nerve injury is not high enough yet to be a substitute for autografts and is still insufficient for clinical use. To improve this efficiency, 3D electrospun scaffolds (3D/E) of poly(l-lactide-co-ε-caprolactone) (PLCL) and poly(l-lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) were designed and fabricated by the combination of 3D printing and electrospinning techniques, resulting in an ideal porous architecture for NGCs. Polypyrrole (PPy) was deposited on PLCL and PLGA scaffolds to enhance biocompatibility for nerve recovery. The designed pore architecture of these “PLCL-3D/E” and “PLGA-3D/E” scaffolds exhibited a combination of nano- and microscale structures. The mean pore size of PLCL-3D/E and PLGA-3D/E scaffolds were 289 ± 79 and 287 ± 95 nm, respectively, which meets the required pore size for NGCs. Furthermore, the addition of PPy on the surfaces of both PLCL-3D/E (PLCL-3D/E/PPy) and PLGA-3D/E (PLGA-3D/E/PPy) led to an increase in their hydrophilicity, conductivity, and noncytotoxicity compared to noncoated PPy scaffolds. Both PLCL-3D/E/PPy and PLGA-3D/E/PPy showed conductivity maintained at 12.40 ± 0.12 and 10.50 ± 0.08 Scm–1 for up to 15 and 9 weeks, respectively, which are adequate for the electroconduction of neuron cells. Notably, the PLGA-3D/E/PPy scaffold showed superior cytocompatibility when compared with PLCL-3D/E/PPy, as evident via the viability assay, proliferation, and attachment of L929 and SC cells. Furthermore, analysis of cell health through membrane leakage and apoptotic indices showed that the 3D/E/PPy scaffolds displayed significant decreases in membrane leakage and reductions in necrotic tissue. Our finding suggests that these 3D/E/PPy scaffolds have a favorable design architecture and biocompatibility with potential for use in peripheral nerve regeneration applications.

KW - Materials Chemistry

KW - Polymers and Plastics

KW - Biomaterials

KW - Bioengineering

UR - https://pubs.acs.org/doi/full/10.1021/acs.biomac.2c00626

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VL - 23

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EP - 4546

JO - Biomacromolecules

JF - Biomacromolecules

IS - 11

ER -

Surface-Modified Polypyrrole-Coated PLCL and PLGA Nerve Guide Conduits Fabricated by 3D Printing and Electrospinning

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