Thermoresponsive polymers in non-aqueous solutions

Thermoresponsive polymers are gaining increasing interest for numerous applications especially in the biomedical and nanotechnology fields. The thermoresponsive behaviour of polymers has been extensively studied in pure water or water/organic solvent systems, however, temperature-induced phase transitions in other organic solvents are less common. Polymers in organic solvents exhibit a broad range of temperature-driven solution behaviours, from LCST and UCST, to sol–gel transitions, to micellization processes, among others, with potential applications as smart materials in electronics, in the lubricant industry, and in the biomedical field. This review article will focus on the thermoresponsive behaviour of polymers in different classes of organic solvents and mixtures thereof to emphasize and demonstrate the versatility and potential of these polymers.