The impact of environmental factors in influencing epigenetics related to oxidative states in the cardiovascular system

Francesco Angelini, Francesca Pagano, Antonella Bordin, Marika Milan, Isotta Chimenti, Mariangela Peruzzi, Valentina Valenti, Antonino Marullo, Leonardo Schirone, Silvia Palmerio, Sebastiano Sciarretta, Colin E. Murdoch, Giacomo Frati, Elena de Falco

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

Abstract

Oxidative states exert a significant influence on a wide range of biological and molecular processes and functions. When their balance is shifted towards enhanced amounts of free radicals, pathological phenomena can occur, as the generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in tissue microenvironment or in the systemic circulation can be detrimental. Epidemic chronic diseases of western societies, such as cardiovascular disease, obesity, and diabetes correlate with the imbalance of redox homeostasis. Current advances in our understanding of epigenetics have revealed a parallel scenario showing the influence of oxidative stress as a major regulator of epigenetic gene regulation via modification of DNA methylation, histones, and microRNAs. This has provided both the biological link and a potential molecular explanation between oxidative stress and cardiovascular/metabolic phenomena. Accordingly, in this review, we will provide current insights on the physiological and pathological impact of changes in oxidative states on cardiovascular disorders, by specifically focusing on the influence of epigenetic regulation. A special emphasis will highlight the effect on epigenetic regulation of human's current life habits, external and environmental factors, including food intake, tobacco, air pollution, and antioxidant-based approaches. Additionally, the strategy to quantify oxidative states in humans in order to determine which biological marker could best match a subject's profile will be discussed.

Original languageEnglish
Article number2712751
Number of pages18
JournalOxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity
Volume2017
DOIs
Publication statusPublished - 21 May 2017

Bibliographical note

Copyright © 2017 Francesco Angelini et al. This is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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