Abstract
This study examines joint attention between health care professionals (HCPs) in interaction in emergency
care training, using a multimodal corpus analysis with a conversation analytic approach. On the basis of
Kidwell & Zimmerman (2007), which analysed young children’s use of gaze to lead joint attention, three
research principles are addressed here, although the primary aim is to assess the feasibility of the research
method: 1) what do HCPs look at in emergency care training?, 2) how do HCPs achieve joint attention?,
and 3) how does a recipient respond to a shower’s show-action in the context? An emergency care
training session with a simulated patient, Ken (KSP), was video-recorded, and annotations were added to
the gazes of three HCPs, Mike (doctor, medical student) and two nurses, Helen and David, using a
multimodal annotation tool, ELAN (all names anonymised). The results show that Mike gazed at KSP
most of the time, while David was engaged in medical procedures, gazing mostly at KSP’s arm. Helen
spent about half the time out of view of the camera to find equipment/medicines for treatment. Joint
attention seemed to be led by practices of showing or gazing at an object, and vocalisation, which made
the shower’s understanding of the situation observable and also prompted a recipient’s action. Thus, this
preliminary study indicates that nonverbal communication, especially gazing, affects interactions in
emergency care, which should be further investigated with a larger data set using the method established
through the study.
care training, using a multimodal corpus analysis with a conversation analytic approach. On the basis of
Kidwell & Zimmerman (2007), which analysed young children’s use of gaze to lead joint attention, three
research principles are addressed here, although the primary aim is to assess the feasibility of the research
method: 1) what do HCPs look at in emergency care training?, 2) how do HCPs achieve joint attention?,
and 3) how does a recipient respond to a shower’s show-action in the context? An emergency care
training session with a simulated patient, Ken (KSP), was video-recorded, and annotations were added to
the gazes of three HCPs, Mike (doctor, medical student) and two nurses, Helen and David, using a
multimodal annotation tool, ELAN (all names anonymised). The results show that Mike gazed at KSP
most of the time, while David was engaged in medical procedures, gazing mostly at KSP’s arm. Helen
spent about half the time out of view of the camera to find equipment/medicines for treatment. Joint
attention seemed to be led by practices of showing or gazing at an object, and vocalisation, which made
the shower’s understanding of the situation observable and also prompted a recipient’s action. Thus, this
preliminary study indicates that nonverbal communication, especially gazing, affects interactions in
emergency care, which should be further investigated with a larger data set using the method established
through the study.
| Translated title of the contribution | Communicating with gaze in emergency care: : a multimodal analysis |
|---|---|
| Original language | Japanese |
| Pages (from-to) | 81-90 |
| Number of pages | 10 |
| Journal | The Journal of the Japanese Association of Health Communication |
| Volume | 8 |
| Issue number | 1 |
| Publication status | Published - 2017 |