Finite element numerical investigation of multimode ultrasonic interference and beatlengths in high frequency fiber-optic devices: 3D design, modeling, and analysis

Ricardo E. da Silva; David J. Webb

doi:10.1016/j.finel.2022.103886

Finite element numerical investigation of multimode ultrasonic interference and beatlengths in high frequency fiber-optic devices: 3D design, modeling, and analysis

Ricardo E. da Silva, David J. Webb

Aston Institute of Photonic Technologies (AiPT)

Research output: Contribution to journal › Article › peer-review

Abstract

A novel numerical study based on the finite element method is developed to demonstrate the beatlengths induced by high frequency acoustic modes inside an optical fiber for the first time. A practical methodology to model, compute and analyze the multimode interaction in the fiber is exemplified with a detailed numerical experiment. The frequency response of 1 mm long standard fiber is evaluated from 30 to 60 MHz, corresponding to the highest attenuation band of experimental fiber optoacoustic devices. The 3D simulated complex ultrasonic fields are decomposed and characterized with the averaged peak-to-peak method and 2D Fourier transform. The resulting dispersion spectra are compared and theoretically validated by the recognized Pochhammer-Chree solutions. The acoustic parameters required to modulate optical fibers are derived from the simulations and discussed. A route to overcome the frequency-induced limitations of the current devices is provided, pointing out new research possibilities for the development of highly efficient and compact all-fiber acousto-optic modulators and fiber-optic ultrasonic sensors.

Original language	English
Article number	103886
Number of pages	12
Journal	Finite Elements in Analysis and Design
Volume	215
Early online date	25 Nov 2022
DOIs	https://doi.org/10.1016/j.finel.2022.103886
Publication status	Published - 1 Mar 2023

Bibliographical note

Copyright © 2022, The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).

Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 713694. The authors acknowledge the use of Athena at HPC Midlands+, which was funded by the EPSRC on grant EP /P020232/1 as part of the HPC Midlands+ consortium.

Keywords

Spatial-spectral ultrasound analysis
Complex multimode decomposition
Beatlength numerical characterization
3D design optimisation
High frequency acousto-optic modulators
Fiber-optic ultrasonic sensors

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10.1016/j.finel.2022.103886Licence: CC BY 4.0

da Silva and Webb_Finite element numerical investigation multimode ultrasonic interference and beatlengths in high frequency fiber_optic devices
Copyright © 2022, The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/).
Final published version, 9.33 MBLicence: CC BY 4.0

Cite this

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title = "Finite element numerical investigation of multimode ultrasonic interference and beatlengths in high frequency fiber-optic devices: 3D design, modeling, and analysis",

abstract = "A novel numerical study based on the finite element method is developed to demonstrate the beatlengths induced by high frequency acoustic modes inside an optical fiber for the first time. A practical methodology to model, compute and analyze the multimode interaction in the fiber is exemplified with a detailed numerical experiment. The frequency response of 1 mm long standard fiber is evaluated from 30 to 60 MHz, corresponding to the highest attenuation band of experimental fiber optoacoustic devices. The 3D simulated complex ultrasonic fields are decomposed and characterized with the averaged peak-to-peak method and 2D Fourier transform. The resulting dispersion spectra are compared and theoretically validated by the recognized Pochhammer-Chree solutions. The acoustic parameters required to modulate optical fibers are derived from the simulations and discussed. A route to overcome the frequency-induced limitations of the current devices is provided, pointing out new research possibilities for the development of highly efficient and compact all-fiber acousto-optic modulators and fiber-optic ultrasonic sensors.",

keywords = "Spatial-spectral ultrasound analysis, Complex multimode decomposition, Beatlength numerical characterization, 3D design optimisation, High frequency acousto-optic modulators, Fiber-optic ultrasonic sensors",

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note = "Copyright {\textcopyright} 2022, The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union{\textquoteright}s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 713694. The authors acknowledge the use of Athena at HPC Midlands+, which was funded by the EPSRC on grant EP /P020232/1 as part of the HPC Midlands+ consortium.",

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AU - Webb, David J.

N1 - Copyright © 2022, The Authors. Published by Elsevier B.V. This is an open access article under the CC BY license (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/). Funding: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 713694. The authors acknowledge the use of Athena at HPC Midlands+, which was funded by the EPSRC on grant EP /P020232/1 as part of the HPC Midlands+ consortium.

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Y1 - 2023/3/1

N2 - A novel numerical study based on the finite element method is developed to demonstrate the beatlengths induced by high frequency acoustic modes inside an optical fiber for the first time. A practical methodology to model, compute and analyze the multimode interaction in the fiber is exemplified with a detailed numerical experiment. The frequency response of 1 mm long standard fiber is evaluated from 30 to 60 MHz, corresponding to the highest attenuation band of experimental fiber optoacoustic devices. The 3D simulated complex ultrasonic fields are decomposed and characterized with the averaged peak-to-peak method and 2D Fourier transform. The resulting dispersion spectra are compared and theoretically validated by the recognized Pochhammer-Chree solutions. The acoustic parameters required to modulate optical fibers are derived from the simulations and discussed. A route to overcome the frequency-induced limitations of the current devices is provided, pointing out new research possibilities for the development of highly efficient and compact all-fiber acousto-optic modulators and fiber-optic ultrasonic sensors.

AB - A novel numerical study based on the finite element method is developed to demonstrate the beatlengths induced by high frequency acoustic modes inside an optical fiber for the first time. A practical methodology to model, compute and analyze the multimode interaction in the fiber is exemplified with a detailed numerical experiment. The frequency response of 1 mm long standard fiber is evaluated from 30 to 60 MHz, corresponding to the highest attenuation band of experimental fiber optoacoustic devices. The 3D simulated complex ultrasonic fields are decomposed and characterized with the averaged peak-to-peak method and 2D Fourier transform. The resulting dispersion spectra are compared and theoretically validated by the recognized Pochhammer-Chree solutions. The acoustic parameters required to modulate optical fibers are derived from the simulations and discussed. A route to overcome the frequency-induced limitations of the current devices is provided, pointing out new research possibilities for the development of highly efficient and compact all-fiber acousto-optic modulators and fiber-optic ultrasonic sensors.

KW - Spatial-spectral ultrasound analysis

KW - Complex multimode decomposition

KW - Beatlength numerical characterization

KW - 3D design optimisation

KW - High frequency acousto-optic modulators

KW - Fiber-optic ultrasonic sensors

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U2 - 10.1016/j.finel.2022.103886

DO - 10.1016/j.finel.2022.103886

M3 - Article

SN - 0168-874X

VL - 215

JO - Finite Elements in Analysis and Design

JF - Finite Elements in Analysis and Design

M1 - 103886

ER -

Finite element numerical investigation of multimode ultrasonic interference and beatlengths in high frequency fiber-optic devices: 3D design, modeling, and analysis

Abstract

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Keywords

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