The evolving state of cardiac resynchronization therapy and conduction system pacing: 25 years of research at EP Europace journal

Kenneth A. Ellenbogen, Angelo Auricchio, Haran Burri, Michael R. Gold, Christophe Leclercq, Francisco Leyva, Cecilia Linde, Marek Jastrzebski, Frits Prinzen, Kevin Vernooy

Research output: Contribution to journalReview articlepeer-review

Abstract

Cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT) was proposed in the 1990s as a new therapy for patients with heart failure and wide QRS with depressed left ventricular ejection fraction despite optimal medical treatment. This review is aimed first to describe the rationale and the physiologic effects of CRT. The journey of the landmark randomized trials leading to the adoption of CRT in the guidelines since 2005 is also reported showing the high level of evidence for CRT. Different alternative pacing modalities of CRT to conventional left ventricular pacing through the coronary sinus have been proposed to increase the response rate to CRT such as multisite pacing and endocardial pacing. A new emerging alternative technique to conventional biventricular pacing, conduction system pacing (CSP), is a promising therapy. The different modalities of CSP are described (Hirs pacing and left bundle branch area pacing). This new technique has to be evaluated in clinical randomized trials before implementation in the guidelines with a high level of evidence.

Bibliographical note

Copyright © The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the European Society of Cardiology. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/), which permits non-commercial re-use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. For commercial re-use, please contact [email protected]

Keywords

  • Cardiac conduction system pacing
  • Cardiac resynchronization therapy
  • Clinical trials
  • Stroke Volume
  • Ventricular Function, Left
  • Humans
  • Heart Conduction System
  • Cardiac Conduction System Disease
  • Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy

Fingerprint

Dive into the research topics of 'The evolving state of cardiac resynchronization therapy and conduction system pacing: 25 years of research at EP Europace journal'. Together they form a unique fingerprint.

Cite this